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Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

Question

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

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Solution

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is a hormone produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the water balance within the body.

Here are the steps that explain the direct result of antidiuretic hormone:

  1. When the body is dehydrated, the osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect this change and stimulate the production of ADH.

  2. ADH is then released into the bloodstream by the posterior pituitary gland.

  3. The hormone travels in the blood to the kidneys.

  4. In the kidneys, ADH acts on the cells of the collecting ducts (the last part of the nephron where urine is collected).

  5. It makes the walls of the collecting ducts more permeable to water by causing aquaporins (water channels) to be inserted into the walls of the ducts.

  6. This allows more water to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream, rather than being excreted as urine.

  7. As a result, the volume of urine is reduced and its concentration is increased. This helps to conserve water and maintain the body's fluid balance.

  8. The increased water reabsorption also leads to a decrease in blood osm

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