Calculate the percentage atom economy for the following reaction in which zinc chloride (ZnCl2) is the desired product.Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)Give your answer to three significant figures. M Zn = 65.38 g mol–1, M H = 1.01 g mol–1, M Cl = 35.45 g mol–1
Question
Calculate the percentage atom economy for the following reaction in which zinc chloride (ZnCl2) is the desired product.Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)Give your answer to three significant figures. M Zn = 65.38 g mol–1, M H = 1.01 g mol–1, M Cl = 35.45 g mol–1
Solution
To calculate the percentage atom economy for the reaction, we first need to calculate the molar mass of the reactants and the desired product.
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Calculate the molar mass of the reactants:
- Molar mass of Zn(s) = 65.38 g/mol
- Molar mass of HCl(aq) = 1.01 g/mol (for H) + 35.45 g/mol (for Cl) = 36.46 g/mol
- Since there are 2 moles of HCl in the reaction, the total molar mass of HCl = 2 * 36.46 g/mol = 72.92 g/mol
- So, the total molar mass of the reactants = 65.38 g/mol (for Zn) + 72.92 g/mol (for HCl) = 138.3 g/mol
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Calculate the molar mass of the desired product (ZnCl2):
- Molar mass of ZnCl2 = 65.38 g/mol (for Zn) + 2 * 35.45 g/mol (for Cl) = 136.28 g/mol
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Calculate the percentage atom economy using the formula:
- Atom Economy (%) = (Molar mass of desired product / Total molar mass of reactants) * 100
- Atom Economy (%) = (136.28 g/mol / 138.3 g/mol) * 100 = 98.54%
So, the percentage atom economy for the reaction is 98.5% to three significant figures.
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