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Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the following balanced chemical equation:Zn (s)  +  2 HCl(aq)  →   ZnCl2(aq)  +  H2(g)A student needs to react 0.278 mol Zn with hydrochloric acid. Calculate the minimum number of moles of HCl required, assuming all the zinc reacts?Enter your answer to three significant figures. Do not include units.

Question

Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the following balanced chemical equation:Zn (s)  +  2 HCl(aq)  →   ZnCl2(aq)  +  H2(g)A student needs to react 0.278 mol Zn with hydrochloric acid. Calculate the minimum number of moles of HCl required, assuming all the zinc reacts?Enter your answer to three significant figures. Do not include units.

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Solution

From the balanced chemical equation, we can see that the stoichiometric ratio between Zn and HCl is 1:2. This means that for every mole of Zn, 2 moles of HCl are required.

So, if the student needs to react 0.278 mol of Zn, the minimum number of moles of HCl required would be 2 times the number of moles of Zn.

Therefore, the minimum number of moles of HCl required = 2 * 0.278 = 0.556 moles.

So, the student will need at least 0.556 moles of HCl to react with 0.278 mol of Zn. This answer is rounded to three significant figures.

This problem has been solved

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To solve this problem, we will follow these steps: a) Determine the limiting reactant: Calculate the moles of each reactant: Moles of Zn: 6.5 g / molar mass of Zn Moles of HCl: 5.0 g / molar mass of HCl Use the stoichiometry of the reaction to determine the moles of product formed from each reactant: Moles of ZnCl2 from Zn: moles of Zn / 1 (from the balanced equation) Moles of ZnCl2 from HCl: moles of HCl / 2 (from the balanced equation) The limiting reactant is the one that produces the least amount of product. In this case, HCl is the limiting reactant because it produces less ZnCl2 compared to Zn. b) Calculate the grams of the reactant that remain unreacted: Calculate the moles of HCl consumed in the reaction. Calculate the moles of HCl remaining by subtracting the moles consumed from the initial moles. Convert the remaining moles of HCl to grams. c) Calculate the grams of hydrogen gas produced: Determine the moles of H2 produced from the moles of HCl consumed. Convert the moles of H2 to grams using the molar mass of hydrogen gas. Given: Molar mass of Zn = 65.38 g/mol Molar mass of HCl = 36.46 g/mol Molar mass of H2 = 2.02 g/mol Let's perform the calculations: a) Limiting reactant: Moles of Zn: 6.5 g / 65.38 g/mol = 0.0994 mol Moles of HCl: 5.0 g / 36.46 g/mol = 0.137 mol Moles of ZnCl2 from Zn: 0.0994 mol Moles of ZnCl2 from HCl: 0.137 mol / 2 = 0.0685 mol HCl is the limiting reactant because it produces less ZnCl2. b) Remaining unreacted HCl: Initial moles of HCl = 0.137 mol Moles of HCl consumed = 0.137 mol - 0.0685 mol = 0.0685 mol Remaining moles of HCl = 0.137 mol - 0.0685 mol = 0.0685 mol Remaining grams of HCl = 0.0685 mol * 36.46 g/mol = 2.50 g c) Grams of hydrogen gas produced: Moles of H2 produced = 0.0685 mol (from the consumed HCl) Grams of H2 produced = 0.0685 mol * 2.02 g/mol = 0.1387 g Therefore: a) HCl is the limiting reactant. b) 2.50 grams of HCl remain unreacted. c) 0.1387 grams of hydrogen gas would be produced.

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3. A student conducts an experiment where she reacts a lump of zinc (Zn) with hydrochloric acid (HCl). The balanced equation below represents the reaction.     Zn +  2HCl  →  H₂  +  ZnCl₂   Which set of reaction conditions will produce H₂ at the fastest rate?*1.0 g of powdered Zn in 50mL of 1.0 M HCl at 20°Ca 1.0 g lump of Zn in 50mL of 0.5 M HCl at 30°C1.0 g of powdered Zn in 50mL of 1.0 M HCl at 30°Ca 1.0 g lump of Zn in 50mL of 0.5 M HCl at 20°C

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