Athithan business was started investing Rs. 100 000 on 01.01.2022. This business was registered for VAT.Purchases and sales include 8% VAT. The following transactions took place during the month ended31.01.2022.Grade - 12 (2023) – 2023 FWC - 3 - Accounting- I- Goods were purchased for Rs. 540 000 on credit basis.- All these goods were sold for Rs. 648 000 on credit basis.- Rs. 500 000 was received from debtors.- Cash was paid to creditors to settle Rs. 360 000 with discount Rs. 20 000.11. Gross profit for the month ended 31.01.2022 and cash balance on 31.01.2022 are,Gross profit Rs. ‘000’ Cash account balance Rs. ‘000’(1) 100 160(2) 100 240(3) 100 260(4) 108 160(5) 108 26012. Total liabilities and equity of the business on 31.01.2022 are,Total liabilities (Rs. ‘000’) Equity (Rs. “000”)(1) 180 120(2) 180 220(3) 188 220(4) 188 128(5) 200 228
Question
Athithan business was started investing Rs. 100 000 on 01.01.2022. This business was registered for VAT.Purchases and sales include 8% VAT. The following transactions took place during the month ended31.01.2022.Grade - 12 (2023) – 2023 FWC - 3 - Accounting- I- Goods were purchased for Rs. 540 000 on credit basis.- All these goods were sold for Rs. 648 000 on credit basis.- Rs. 500 000 was received from debtors.- Cash was paid to creditors to settle Rs. 360 000 with discount Rs. 20 000.11. Gross profit for the month ended 31.01.2022 and cash balance on 31.01.2022 are,Gross profit Rs. ‘000’ Cash account balance Rs. ‘000’(1) 100 160(2) 100 240(3) 100 260(4) 108 160(5) 108 26012. Total liabilities and equity of the business on 31.01.2022 are,Total liabilities (Rs. ‘000’) Equity (Rs. “000”)(1) 180 120(2) 180 220(3) 188 220(4) 188 128(5) 200 228
Solution
To answer these questions, we need to first calculate the gross profit, cash account balance, total liabilities, and equity of the business.
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Gross Profit: Gross profit is calculated as Sales - Cost of Goods Sold (COGS). The COGS here is the purchase price of the goods, which is Rs. 540,000. The sales amount is Rs. 648,000. However, these amounts include 8% VAT. So, we need to calculate the actual amounts excluding VAT.
Sales excluding VAT = Rs. 648,000 / 1.08 = Rs. 600,000 COGS excluding VAT = Rs. 540,000 / 1.08 = Rs. 500,000
Gross Profit = Sales - COGS = Rs. 600,000 - Rs. 500,000 = Rs. 100,000
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Cash Account Balance: The cash account balance is calculated as the initial investment plus cash received from debtors minus cash paid to creditors.
Cash Account Balance = Initial Investment + Cash from Debtors - Cash to Creditors = Rs. 100,000 + Rs. 500,000 - (Rs. 360,000 - Rs. 20,000 discount) = Rs. 100,000 + Rs. 500,000 - Rs. 340,000 = Rs. 260,000
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Total Liabilities: The total liabilities of the business are the amount owed to creditors. This is the initial purchase amount minus the amount already paid to creditors.
Total Liabilities = Initial Purchase - Amount Paid = Rs. 540,000 - Rs. 340,000 = Rs. 200,000
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Equity: The equity of the business is the initial investment plus the gross profit minus the total liabilities.
Equity = Initial Investment + Gross Profit - Total Liabilities = Rs. 100,000 + Rs. 100,000 - Rs. 200,000 = Rs. 0
So, the answers are:
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Gross profit for the month ended 31.01.2022 and cash balance on 31.01.2022 are, Gross profit Rs. ‘000’ Cash account balance Rs. ‘000’ (3) 100 260
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Total liabilities and equity of the business on 31.01.2022 are, Total liabilities (Rs. ‘000’) Equity (Rs. “000”) (5) 200 0
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