State the three stages of fractional distillation.
Question
State the three stages of fractional distillation.
Solution
The three stages of fractional distillation are:
-
Heating: The mixture is heated in a distillation flask until it boils. The heat is usually applied to the bottom of the flask. The mixture will start to vaporize, and the vapor will rise up the column.
-
Separation: As the vapor rises up the column, it cools and condenses. The different components in the mixture will condense at different temperatures, due to their different boiling points. The component with the lowest boiling point will condense at the top of the column, while the component with the highest boiling point will condense at the bottom.
-
Collection: The condensed components are then collected in separate containers. This is done by diverting the condensate from different levels of the column into different containers. The component with the lowest boiling point will be collected first, followed by the component with the next lowest boiling point, and so on.
Similar Questions
Briefly explain the process of fractional distillation to separate a mixture of the liquids methanol, ethanol and propanol.
Which of the following statements about the process of fractional distillation is not correct? The temperature decreases going up the columnCrude oil is fed in near the bottom of the column as hot vapourThe different fractions condense into liquids when they reach the temperature of their boiling pointsThe fractions collected at the top contain hydrocarbons with the longest molecules
Which of the following statements is incorrect about fractional distillation?Lighter fractions have lower boiling points - they evaporate first and rise to the top of the column.Fractional distillation is used to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling points.Heavier fractions have higher boiling points - they evaporate later and sink to the bottom of the column.Fractional distillation is often used to purify water from a solution.
(1) Filtration, (2) Crystallisation or Recrystallization, (3) Fractional crystallisation, (4) Sublimation, (5)Simple distillation, (6) Fractional distillation, (7) Distillation under reduced pressure, (8) Steam distillation,(9) Differential extraction, and (10) Chromatography
When crude oil is distilled using fractional distillation, 4 different pure liquids were obtained. State the main factor in the crude oil mixture that allows the 4 liquids to be separated from one another.Read Lessdifference in their densitydifference in their coloursdifference in their boiling pintsdifference in their volumes
Upgrade your grade with Knowee
Get personalized homework help. Review tough concepts in more detail, or go deeper into your topic by exploring other relevant questions.