Explain Molarity with the help of formulae.​

Molarity is a term used in chemistry to describe the concentration of a solute in a solution. It is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. This is often used to express the concentration of a solution in a way that is easy to understand and calculate.

The formula for molarity (M) is:

M = moles of solute / liters of solution

Here's a step-by-step explanation of how to use this formula:

1. Determine the number of moles of solute. This can be done by using the molecular weight of the solute (which can be found on the periodic table) and the mass of the solute that you have. The number of moles is equal to the mass of the solute divided by its molecular weight.

2. Measure the volume of the solution. This is the total volume, not just the volume of the solvent. The volume should be measured in liters.

3. Divide the number of moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters. This will give you the molarity of the solution.

For example, if you have 1 mole of sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolved in 1 liter of water, the molarity of the solution is 1 M. If you have 0.5 moles of NaCl in 1 liter of water, the molarity is 0.5 M.