Actions and approaches for enabling Industry 5.0-drivensustainable industrial transformation: A strategy roadmapMorteza Ghobakhloo 1,2 | Mohammad Iranmanesh 3 | Manuel E. Morales 1 |Mehrbakhsh Nilashi 4 | Azlan Amran 51 School of Economics and Business, KaunasUniversity of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania2 Division of Industrial Engineering andManagement, Uppsala University, Uppsala,Sweden3 School of Business and Law, Edith CowanUniversity, Joondalup, Western Australia,Australia4 UCSI Graduate Business School, UCSIUniversity, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia5 Graduate School of Business, Universiti SainsMalaysia, Penang, MalaysiaCorrespondenceMorteza Ghobakhloo, School of Economicsand Business, Kaunas University ofTechnology, Kaunas, Lithuania.Email: [email protected];[email protected] informationHorizon 2020 Research and InnovationProgramme, Grant/Award Number: 810318AbstractAlthough Industry 4.0 was believed to promote sustainable development, it hasignored or misunderstood many prevailing sustainability concerns, which led to theemergence of the Industry 5.0 agenda. While the desirable sustainability values ofIndustry 5.0 are widely acknowledged, the knowledge of how this agenda can deliversustainable transformation is lacking. The present study addresses this knowledgegap, explaining how Industry 5.0 transformation should be managed to facilitatesustainable development. Therefore, this study strives to model the underlyingmechanism for enabling such transformation. The study conducted a content-centricreview of the literature and identified 11 actions and approaches that serve asenablers of Industry 5.0 transformation. The study further conducted the interpretivestructural modeling and structured the enablers as an interpretive model explainingsteps needed for enabling Industry 5.0. Finally, the study developed the strategyroadmap for enabling Industry 5.0 transformation and sustainable development.Results emphasized stakeholder salience, highlighting the enabling role of stake-holder integration and collaboration in Industry 5.0 transformation. Proactivegovernmental support is the most driving enabler of Industry 5.0, whereas eco-innovation and sustainable value network reformation are among the most complexand hard-to-develop enablers. Results offer several implications for policymakers andpractitioners, explaining the functionality of each approach and strategy necessaryfor Industry 5.0 transformation. The roadmap determines the sequential relationshipsamong these approaches and strategies and identifies their optimal developmentsequence for enabling Industry 5.0 transformation synergistically. Results furtheridentify the codependences among the Industry 5.0 transition enablers and highlighttheir interactions and complementarities.K E Y W O R D Sdigital technology, environmental sustainability, human-centricity, Industry 5.0, resilience,sustainable industrial transformationReceived: 17 August 2022 Revised: 8 November 2022 Accepted: 27 November 2022DOI: 10.1002/csr.2431This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in anymedium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.© 2022 The Authors. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management published by ERP Environment and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Corp Soc Responsib Environ Manag. 2023;30:1473–1494. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/csr 1473

The present study draws on the methodology recommended byGhobakhloo, Iranmanesh, et al. (2021); Ghobakhloo et al. (2022) todevelop the strategy roadmap for enabling Industry 5.0-driven sus-tainable industrial transformation. At the macro policy scale, a strategyroadmap denotes a reference agenda for actors and stakeholdersinvolved in developing a transformation framework. Such a roadmapshould clearly explain the organization of the agenda, particular activi-ties, and the needed interactions to fulfill the intended objectives. Tobridge this gap between vision and actions, a roadmap should providethe stakeholders with a visual representation of how to execute astrategy and describe vital results that could be sequentially achieved.Accordingly, for the promised strategy roadmap in this study, theactions component of the strategy roadmap would refer to enablers ofIndustry 5.0 transformation. The interaction identification componentof the strategy roadmap would entail identifying contextual prece-dence relationships among the enablers. Finally, explaining the ‘how’question regarding the interactions of the enablers involves describingthe functionality of each contextual relationship. The study draws onthe ISM technique to identify the contextual relationships among theenablers of Industry 5.0 transformation and develop the model ofIndustry 5.0-driven sustainable industrial transformation. ISM is awidely acknowledged decision support technique to explore complexissues in a structured manner (Chauhan et al., 2022). The underlyingmechanism for enabling Industry 5.0 transformation is largely unex-plored, and ISM can serve the present study as a valuable techniquefor the exploratory analysis of this phenomenon. Compared to otherdecision analytics and support techniques such as analytic hierarchyprocess or decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory, ISM providesthe following advantages that best serve the present study:1. The primary goal of this study is to offer a strategy roadmap thatexplains the order in which enablers of Industry 5.0 should bedeveloped and leveraged. ISM excels in satisfying this objective asit identifies such order in terms of determining the relative impor-tance of each enabler. Furthermore, the ISM identifies the prece-dence relationships among the enabler and explains thecomplexity of existing contextual relationships.2. Another fundamental aspect of strategy roadmapping is to explainthe ‘how’ question related to the role of each enabler. While ISMis inherently limited to interpreting notes and struggles withdescribing the functionality of each contextual relationship, it sup-ports the integration of the interpretive model with the results ofMICMAC analysis as well as the interpretive logic-knowledge base(ILB). This feature satisfies this particular requirement of strategyroadmapping.Our decision to employ ISM is in line with comparable recentstudies that have used this technique to explore the implications ofIndustry 4.0 for energy sustainability (Ghobakhloo & Fathi, 2021), cir-cular economy (Kumar et al., 2021), or sustainable manufacturing (Nget al., 2022). Steps undertaken for performing ISM in the study arevisually demonstrated in Figure 3. These steps have been widelyacknowledged and used within the ISM literature (e.g., Ghobakhloo,Iranmanesh, et al., 2021; Krishnan et al., 2021)

INDUSTRY 5.0: ANALYSIS, APPLICATIONS AND PROGNOSISDr. Shweta JoglekarAssistant [email protected] Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship Development, PuneDr. Sachin [email protected], Director ICT BV (DU)Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship Development, PuneDr. Sonali [email protected] ProfessorBharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship Development, PuneABSTRACTIndustries are the major forces behind economic growth. However, the industries and its workers are directlyimpacted by changes brought about by the technological revolutions.Industry 4.0, is here for the last one decade and is still growing in attention and acceptance throughout theworld. It integrates the real world with its "virtual twins." Industry 4.0 has revamped the production systems byimproving the operational effectiveness and developed novel business models, products and services. Industry4.0 focuses on increasing the productivity and sustainability of industrial processes and emphasizes on both, vizdigitalization and digitization of systems which may further lead to improvements. Many countries haveinvested significantly to harness its benefits and a substantial amount of research has been carried out intocreating and implementing Industry 4.0 technologies.A new industrial paradigm called Industry 5.0 emerged very shortly after Industry 4.0, sparking discussionsregarding the new paradigm's purpose and justifications for its use. Industry 4.0 is less focused on humans andmore on machines and systems. As a result, various countries have initiated to design and develop the human-centric aspect of technologies, systems, and services, known as Industry 5.0. It is a shift in paradigm that willplace less emphasis on technology and will impact and influence societal transformation. Industry 4.0 is drivenby technology whereas Industry 5.0 is driven by value. Human welfare, sustainability and resilience will be thearea of focus of Industry 5.0. It is conceived as an expansion of Industry 4.0 with a social and environmentalcomponent. The coexistence of two Industrial Revolutions viz 4.0 and 5.0, raises issues, which calls for debatesand explanations.This paper aims to discuss Industry 5.0, analyze its potential opportunities and applications, explain the varioustechnologies enabling it, focus on inherent challenges in its implementation, and discuss its prospects.Keywords: Industrial Revolution, Industry 5.0, COBOTS, Human Machine CollaborationOrganization of the paperSection 1 provides a brief discussion on the Industrial Revolution and its progression from Industry 1.0 toIndustry 5.0. It defines Industry 5.0 from the viewpoint of different authors and highlights its attributes. Section2 defines and introduces Industry 5.0 with a detailed literature review on its concepts and ideas. Applications ofIndustry 5.0 and its social implications are highlighted in section 3. Section 4 focuses on the technologies thatare the driving force behind Industry 5.0. In section 5, challenges of Industry 5.0 are discussed. The conclusionis provided by section 6, which summarizes the entire research paper and highlights the future course toward theimplementation of Industry 5.0.IntroductionDisruptive technical innovations have historically been the main drivers of industrial revolutions, alteringmanufacturing paradigms and the methods for meeting consumer demand.By enabling machines to produce items using newly devised methods and techniques, Industry 1.0, whichoccurred in the eighteenth century, significantly altered the industrial systems. The switch from manual tosteam- or water-powered industrial equipment characterized the 1 st Industrial Revolution. Due to the arrival of

3.1.7 | Sustainability orientation and thinkingThis enabler concerns the capacity of individuals, corporations, supplychains, and stakeholders to value environmental protection and socie-tal development (Carayannis & Morawska-Jancelewicz, 2022). Sus-tainability orientation and thinking (SUO) can ensure that Industry 5.0actors have the capacity and willingness to engage with economic dis-ruptions and prevailing socio-environmental challenges (Saniuket al., 2022). For this to happen, Industry 5.0 actors should understandthe complex interactions among cultural, political, economic, societal,and environmental ecosystems, allowing them to predict the impactof their decisions on sustainability and develop a sense of responsibil-ity for the future generation's well-being (Renda et al., 2022). Thescope of SUO drastically changes according to the particularity ofIndustry 5.0 actors. For example, SUO for smart consumers may1480 GHOBAKHLOO ET AL .15353966, 2023, 3, Downloaded from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/csr.2431 by Readcube (Labtiva Inc.), Wiley Online Library on [19/01/2024]. See the Terms and Conditions (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/terms-and-conditions) on Wiley Online Library for rules of use; OA articles are governed by the applicable Creative Commons Licenseinvolve developing more sustainable consumption behavior such aspaying more for green products, preventing waste, or prolongingproducts' life (Torres-Ruiz et al., 2018). For corporations, SUO canentail developing the core competencies for integrating cleaner tech-nologies, implementing corporate social responsibility, or creatingshared value to ensure competitiveness while positively impacting theenvironment and society (Winans et al., 2021). Overall, the compre-hensive development of SUO among Industry 5.0 actors is crucial tomany sustainability micro-objectives of this phenomenon, such assupply chain resilience, renewable integration, product circularity,employee well-being, and waste reduction

The study showed that contrary to Industry 4.0, Industry5.0 appears to be pulled by socio-environmental valuesand needs. Industry 5.0 is the logical continuation ofIndustry 4.0 that draws on commercially mature digitaland operations technologies and emerging disruptivetechnologies such as CAI and adaptive robots to promotehuman-centricity, resilience, and sustainable develop-ment. Industry 5.0 is expected to address the pressingsustainable development concerns by introducing circu-larity into industrial operations, enhancing synergybetween autonomous machines and humans, and regu-lating the pace and quality of digital industrialtransformation.The findings reveal that Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0share similarities but have notable differences. For exam-ple, both frameworks emphasize horizontal integration,which involves integrating different parts of the produc-tion process across the manufacturing supply chains toimprove productivity and reduce costs. Nonetheless, hor-izontal integration under Industry 5.0 goes beyond justintegrating various parts of the manufacturing value net-work. It integrates all stakeholders, including technologyproviders, labor unions, and government regulators, tocreate a seamless and collaborative network to governtechnological advancement. Another significant differ-ence between the two frameworks concerns the techno-logical focus. Although Industry 4.0 was pushed byemerging technologies such as the internet of thingsand cloud computing, these technologies are now com-monplace and considered standard in Industry 5.0.Instead, Industry 5.0 is associated with the emergence ofcognitive technologies that support human-machinesymbioses, such as artificial general intelligence, cognitivecyber-physical systems, and adaptive robots. These tech-nologies enable greater collaboration between humansand machines, and they have the potential to revolutio-nize the way we work and live. Overall, the findings implythat the critical difference between Industry 4.0 andIndustry 5.0 lies in the scope and nature of integrationand the technological properties that drive innovation442 M. GHOBAKHLOO ET AL.and economic values in each framework. While Industry4.0 is merely focused on economic performance, Industry5.0 seeks to balance triple bottom-line considerations byharnessing technology-driven productivity to enhancesocietal values.

State of Industry 5.0—Analysis and Identification of CurrentResearch TrendsAditya Akundi 1,*, Daniel Euresti 1, Sergio Luna 2, Wilma Ankobiah 3, Amit Lopes 2 and Immanuel Edinbarough 11 Complex Engineering Systems Laboratory, Department of Informatics and Engineering Systems,The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA; [email protected] (D.E.);[email protected] (I.E.)2 Industrial Manufacturing and Systems Engineering Department, The University of Texas at El Paso,El Paso, TX 79968, USA; [email protected] (S.L.); [email protected] (A.L.)3 Complex Engineering Systems Laboratory, Department of Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering,The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA; [email protected]* Correspondence: [email protected]: The term Industry 4.0, coined to be the fourth industrial revolution, refers to a higher levelof automation for operational productivity and efficiency by connecting virtual and physical worldsin an industry. With Industry 4.0 being unable to address and meet increased drive of personalization,the term Industry 5.0 was coined for addressing personalized manufacturing and empoweringhumans in manufacturing processes. The onset of the term Industry 5.0 is observed to have variousviews of how it is defined and what constitutes the reconciliation between humans and machines.This serves as the motivation of this paper in identifying and analyzing the various themes andresearch trends of what Industry 5.0 is using text mining tools and techniques. Toward this, theabstracts of 196 published papers based on the keyword “Industry 5.0” search in IEEE, science directand MDPI data bases were extracted. Data cleaning and preprocessing were performed for furtheranalysis to apply text mining techniques of key terms extraction and frequency analysis. Furthertopic mining i.e., unsupervised machine learning method was used for exploring the data. It isobserved that the terms artificial intelligence (AI), big data, supply chain, digital transformation,machine learning, internet of things (IoT), are among the most often used and among several enablersthat have been identified by researchers to drive Industry 5.0. Five major themes of Industry 5.0addressing, supply chain evaluation and optimization, enterprise innovation and digitization, smartand sustainable manufacturing, transformation driven by IoT, AI, and Big Data, and Human-machineconnectivity were classified among the published literature, highlighting the research themes thatcan be further explored. It is observed that the theme of Industry 5.0 as a gateway towards humanmachine connectivity and co-existence is gaining more interest among the research community in therecent years.Keywords: Industry 5.0; artificial intelligence; smart manufacturing; big data; internet of things;human-machine coexistence1. IntroductionToday’s manufacturing industry is currently experiencing a rapid transformationdue to the onset of fast-growing digital technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-basedsolutions. Manufacturers throughout the world are faced with the challenge of increasingproductivity while keeping humans in loop at manufacturing industries. This task becomeseven more difficult as robots become more crucial to the manufacturing process by meansof emerging technologies such as brain-machine interfaces and advances in AI. Thesechallenges can be addressed by the next industrial revolution, known as Industry 5.0. Inshort, the concept of Industry 5.0 refers to humans and robots working as collaborators