Let the universe of discourse of x and y be the set of real numbers.Let P(x) denote "x is even." Let Q(x) denote "x is an integer."Then, "Every integer is odd." can be expressed asQuestion 1Answera.ForEvery x [ NOT Q(x) OR NOT P(x) ].b.ForEvery x NOT P(x).c.None of the Given Choices.d.ForEvery x [ P(x) AND Q(x) ].e.ForEvery x [ P(x) -> Q(x) ].
Question
Let the universe of discourse of x and y be the set of real numbers.Let P(x) denote "x is even." Let Q(x) denote "x is an integer."Then, "Every integer is odd." can be expressed asQuestion 1Answera.ForEvery x [ NOT Q(x) OR NOT P(x) ].b.ForEvery x NOT P(x).c.None of the Given Choices.d.ForEvery x [ P(x) AND Q(x) ].e.ForEvery x [ P(x) -> Q(x) ].
Solution
Let's analyze the given statements and the logical expressions step by step.
- The statement "Every integer is odd" can be interpreted as: For every x, if x is an integer, then x is odd.
- In logical terms, this can be written as: ForEvery x [ Q(x) -> NOT P(x) ].
- Q(x) denotes "x is an integer."
- P(x) denotes "x is even."
- NOT P(x) denotes "x is not even," which means "x is odd."
Now, let's match this interpretation with the given choices:
a. ForEvery x [ NOT Q(x) OR NOT P(x) ].
- This expression means: For every x, either x is not an integer or x is not even.
- This is logically equivalent to: For every x, if x is an integer, then x is not even (i.e., x is odd).
- This matches our interpretation.
b. ForEvery x NOT P(x).
- This expression means: For every x, x is not even.
- This does not match our interpretation because it does not consider whether x is an integer.
c. None of the Given Choices.
- This is not correct because we have found a matching choice.
d. ForEvery x [ P(x) AND Q(x) ].
- This expression means: For every x, x is even and x is an integer.
- This does not match our interpretation.
e. ForEvery x [ P(x) -> Q(x) ].
- This expression means: For every x, if x is even, then x is an integer.
- This does not match our interpretation.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
a. ForEvery x [ NOT Q(x) OR NOT P(x) ].
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