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Let the universe of discourse of x and y be the set of integers.Given:(1) ThereExists x ThereExists y [ (x + y = 4) AND (x - y = 1) ].(2) ThereExists x ThereExists y [ x^2 + y^2 = 26 ].Select one of the following choices:Question 11Answera.(1) is False and (2) is True.b.(1) is True and (2) is False.c.(1) and (2) are True.d.(1) and (2) are False.

Question

Let the universe of discourse of x and y be the set of integers.Given:(1) ThereExists x ThereExists y [ (x + y = 4) AND (x - y = 1) ].(2) ThereExists x ThereExists y [ x^2 + y^2 = 26 ].Select one of the following choices:Question 11Answera.(1) is False and (2) is True.b.(1) is True and (2) is False.c.(1) and (2) are True.d.(1) and (2) are False.

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Solution

Para resolver el problema, analizaremos cada una de las afirmaciones por separado.

(1) ThereExists x ThereExists y [ (x + y = 4) AND (x - y = 1) ].

Primero, resolvemos el sistema de ecuaciones: x+y=4 x + y = 4 xy=1 x - y = 1

Sumamos ambas ecuaciones: (x+y)+(xy)=4+1 (x + y) + (x - y) = 4 + 1 2x=5 2x = 5 x=52 x = \frac{5}{2}

Restamos la segunda ecuación de la primera: (x+y)(xy)=41 (x + y) - (x - y) = 4 - 1 2y=3 2y = 3 y=32 y = \frac{3}{2}

Dado que x y y deben ser enteros, no hay valores enteros que satisfagan ambas ecuaciones simultáneamente. Por lo tanto, la afirmación (1) es falsa.

(2) ThereExists x ThereExists y [ x^2 + y^2 = 26 ].

Buscamos enteros x y y que satisfagan la ecuación: x2+y2=26 x^2 + y^2 = 26

Probamos algunos valores:

  • Si x = 5, entonces y2=2625=1 y^2 = 26 - 25 = 1 y y=±1 y = \pm 1 .
  • Si x = -5, entonces y2=2625=1 y^2 = 26 - 25 = 1 y y=±1 y = \pm 1 .
  • Si x = 3, entonces y2=269=17 y^2 = 26 - 9 = 17 , pero 17 no es un cuadrado perfecto.
  • Si x = -3, entonces y2=269=17 y^2 = 26 - 9 = 17 , pero 17 no es un cuadrado perfecto.
  • Si x = 1, entonces y2=261=25 y^2 = 26 - 1 = 25 y y=±5 y = \pm 5 .
  • Si x = -1, entonces y2=261=25 y^2 = 26 - 1 = 25 y y=±5 y = \pm 5 .

Hemos encontrado que para x=5 x = 5 y y=±1 y = \pm 1 , o x=1 x = 1 y y=±5 y = \pm 5 , la ecuación se satisface. Por lo tanto, la afirmación (2) es verdadera.

Conclusión: La opción correcta es: a. (1) is False and (2) is True.

This problem has been solved

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