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The USA produces agricultural products using land and manufactured products using capital. When the USA engages in free trade, it starts exporting manufactured products, (the price of manufactured products in the US increases). In the short run, which one of the following scenarios takes place? Group of answer choices Both nominal and real returns on land increase Nominal return on land decreases while real return on land remains the same Nominal return on capital increases while real return on capital falls Nominal returns on both land and capital increase Both nominal and real returns on land decrease

Question

The USA produces agricultural products using land and manufactured products using capital. When the USA engages in free trade, it starts exporting manufactured products, (the price of manufactured products in the US increases).

In the short run, which one of the following scenarios takes place?

Group of answer choices

Both nominal and real returns on land increase

Nominal return on land decreases while real return on land remains the same

Nominal return on capital increases while real return on capital falls

Nominal returns on both land and capital increase

Both nominal and real returns on land decrease

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Solution

The correct answer is "Nominal return on capital increases while real return on capital falls".

Here's why:

  1. When the USA starts exporting manufactured products, the demand for these products increases. This leads to an increase in their price.

  2. The increase in price of manufactured products means that the nominal return on capital (the return before considering the effects of inflation) increases. This is because the capital used to produce these products is now generating more revenue.

  3. However, the real return on capital (the return after considering the effects of inflation) may fall. This is because the increase in price of manufactured products could lead to an increase in the general price level (inflation). If the rate of inflation is higher than the rate of increase in nominal return, the real return on capital will fall.

  4. The return on land is not directly affected by the increase in price of manufactured products, so we cannot say for certain how it changes without additional information.

This problem has been solved

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