In a population of beetles, there are two color morphs: green and brown. The green beetles are more easily seen by predators on the forest floor, while the brown beetles blend in with the environment. Over several generations, the proportion of brown beetles in the population increases, while the proportion of green beetles decreases.Question 10Answera.Natural Selectionb.Genetic Driftc.Gene Flowd.Mutation

Suppose a certain species of insect lives in the lush green canopy of the rain forest. Some of the insects are bright green in color, and some are bright yellow. Assume there is a natural predator of the insect in the area. What do you expect to happen to the populations of the green and the yellow insects over time?  A. The green insect population will increase and the yellow insect population will decrease.  B. The green insect population will decrease and the yellow insect population will increase.  C. Both insect populations will remain constant over time.  D. Both insect populations will increase over time.

Beetle pollinators of a particular plant are attracted to its flowers' bright orange colour. The beetles not only pollinate the flowers, but they mate while inside of the flowers. A mutant version of the plant with red flowers becomes more common with the passage of time. A particular variant of the beetle prefers the red flowers to the orange flowers. Over time, these two beetle variants diverge from each other to such an extent that interbreeding is no longer possible. What kind of speciation has occurred in this example, and what has driven it?Question 11Select one:a.allopatric speciation; ecological isolationb.sympatric speciation; habitat differentiationc.allopatric speciation; behavioural isolationd.sympatric speciation; allopolyploidy

The pair of population graphs below display the results of two different five-year hunting cycles, one on light trees and one on dark trees. The population of light-colored moths is shown by the light gray dots, and the population of dark moths is shown by the dark gray dots. How do these results demonstrate natural selection?  A. The moth populations shown here demonstrate random fluctuations over time that are not explained by tree color.  B. On light trees, individual moths tried to become lighter in color to match the tree background. On dark trees, individual moths tried to become darker in color.  C. The moths that were the same color as their background were more likely to survive and reproduce. Over time, the populations of these well-adapted moths increased.  D. Small particles of tree bark became embedded in the moth’s wings, causing the moths to become darker on the dark trees and lighter on the light trees. These acquired traits were then passed down to the next generation of moths, causing the populations to change color over time.

What change is likely to occur in a population of beetles that suddenly faces predation from an invasive species of frogs? A. The beetles' survivorship curve will change type. B. The beetles' minimal viable population will decrease. C. The carrying capacity of beetles will increase. D. The population density of beetles will decrease.

The peppered moth is often used as a case study to illustrate natural selection.  The allele for dark-colored is dominant and the allele for light colored is recessive.  In the 1850's light-colored moths were higher in population size and easily camouflaged in the trees from predators; however after industrial air pollution covered the trees with soot in the early 1900's the dark-colored moths blended in with the trees more effectively and became greater in number than the light-colored moths.  Which evolutionary trend is demonstrated?Group of answer choicesa smaller percentage of light-colored moths survive to reproduce, shrinking the gene pool and causing mutations.the populations of the light-colored and the dark-colored moths will both become extinct.more dark-colored moths survive to reproduce, which shifted the allele frequency towards the dark-colored allele.over time, the birds will get used to eating the light-colored moths and stop eating the dark-colored moths.