When excess dilute sulfuric acid is added to a water solution of potassium carbonate, a colourless gas is evolved. What is the correctly balanced net ionic equation for the reaction
Question
When excess dilute sulfuric acid is added to a water solution of potassium carbonate, a colourless gas is evolved. What is the correctly balanced net ionic equation for the reaction
Solution
The reaction between potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) can be written as follows:
K2CO3(aq) + H2SO4(aq) -> 2K+(aq) + SO4^2-(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
However, this is not the net ionic equation. The net ionic equation only includes the species that actually participate in the reaction. The potassium ions (K+) and the sulfate ions (SO4^2-) are spectator ions, meaning they do not participate in the reaction. They are present in the same form on both the reactant and product side of the equation.
So, the net ionic equation for this reaction is:
CO3^2-(aq) + 2H+(aq) -> H2O(l) + CO2(g)
This equation shows that carbonate ions (CO3^2-) from potassium carbonate react with hydrogen ions (H+) from sulfuric acid to form water (H2O) and carbon dioxide gas (CO2).
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