Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation of the reaction that occurs when aqueous solutions of ammonia and hydrochloric acid are combined?Responses
Question
Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation of the reaction that occurs when aqueous solutions of ammonia and hydrochloric acid are combined?Responses
Solution
The reaction between ammonia (NH3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a neutralization reaction, which is a type of acid-base reaction. The reaction can be written as follows:
NH3(aq) + HCl(aq) -> NH4Cl(aq)
However, this is not the net ionic equation. The net ionic equation only shows the particles involved in the reaction that are directly involved in the chemical change.
Ammonia is a weak base that doesn't fully ionize in water, so we keep it as NH3. Hydrochloric acid, however, is a strong acid and does fully ionize, so we write it as H+ and Cl-. The product, ammonium chloride, is a soluble salt and ionizes into NH4+ and Cl-.
So, the full ionic equation is:
NH3(aq) + H+(aq) + Cl-(aq) -> NH4+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
We can see that Cl- appears on both sides of the equation and does not participate in the reaction. It is a spectator ion. We can remove it from both sides to get the net ionic equation:
NH3(aq) + H+(aq) -> NH4+(aq)
So, the correct net ionic equation for the reaction between ammonia and hydrochloric acid is NH3(aq) + H+(aq) -> NH4+(aq).
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