a) Explain the following terms related to Java methods with the aid of suitable examples.i) Method Signature (2 Marks)ii) Method Overloading (4 Marks)iii) Call by value and Call by reference

i) Method Signature: In Java, a method signature is part of the method declaration. It's the combination of the method name and the parameter list. The reason it's called a "signature" is because it's the part that's used to identify the method uniquely in the class. For example, in the method declaration public void add(int a, int b), the method signature is add(int, int).

ii) Method Overloading: Method overloading in Java is a feature that allows a class to have more than one method having the same name, if their argument lists are different. It is related to compile-time (or static) polymorphism. The argument list could differ in number of parameters, type of parameters, or both. For example, you could have two methods in a class like so:

public void add(int a, int b) {
    // code
}

public void add(double a, double b) {
    // code
}

Here, the add method is overloaded with one version taking two integers and another taking two doubles.

iii) Call by Value and Call by Reference: In Java, all primitive data types (int, float, boolean, etc.) are passed by value and all objects are passed by reference.

Call by Value means calling a method with a parameter as value. Through this, the argument value is passed to the parameter. While making changes in the parameter, it doesn't affect the original data. For example:

public void modify(int num) {
    num = num * 2;
}

In this case, even if we change the value of num inside the method, it won't affect the original value.

Call by Reference means calling a method with a parameter as a reference. Through this, the argument reference is passed to the parameter. For example:

public void modify(MyObject obj) {
    obj.value = obj.value * 2;
}

In this case, if we change the value of obj inside the method, it will affect the original object.