Short bursts of exercise could be just as good at helping prevent heart disease as longer endurance sessions, Britishresearch suggests. Fast but intense sprints could help limit the risks linked to heart disease just as effectively aslonger, 20-minute runs, according to a study on teenagers. About 57 boys and girls were split into three groupsfor the research, published in the American Journal of Human Biology. All children performed three weeklyexercise sessions over a period of seven weeks.The first group worked at moderate intensity (MOD), with 20 minutes of continuous running within a 20-metrearea at 70 per cent maximum oxygen uptake.The second high intensity group (HIT) repeated sprints as fast as they could within a 20-metre area, with 20 to 30seconds recovery in between, while the third group acted as a control. The total time spent exercising was 420minutes for the MOD group and 63 minutes for the HIT group. Those in the MOD group burnt more than fourtimes as many calories but both groups saw improvements in factors that could lead to heart disease. In the HITgroup there were significant improvements in blood pressure, aerobic fitness and body mass index. In the MODgroup, there were significant improvements in aerobic fitness, percentage body fat, body mass index and levelsof insulin.26. The findings of this study on exercise are based on:A. exercise routinesB. research involving teenagersC. heart testsD. results from running racesE. none of the above27. According to the findings of the study, short bursts of exercise are as effective as preventing heart diseaseas:A. longer endurance sessionsB. seven weeks of exerciseC. being a teenagerD. running long distancesE. none of the above28. The word ‘intensity’ in this context could be best replaced with the word:A. strength B. ease C. consistency D. speed E. none of the above29. The research was conducted in order to:A. increase fitness levels in male and female teenagers.B. prevent an obesity epidemic, which is caused by inactivity.C. learn about effective exercise routines to prevent heart disease.D. learn about the best type of exercise for teenagers.E. build longer endurance and minimise obesity.30. The above passage would probably be found in:A. a pamphlet B. a science textbook C. a novel D. a brochure E. a newspaper article31. In terms of ‘the HIT group’s exercise, what was not found in terms of their improvements:A. aerobic fitnessB. blood pressureC. body mass indexD. levels of insulinE. none of the above32. Which statement is true according to the text?A. The MOD group repeated sprints as fast as they could.B. Overall, the HIT group was declared to be more successful in the experiment.C. The HIT group spent more time exercising than the MOD group.D. The HIT group burned the most calories.E. The third group did not receive treatment by the researchers and was used as a benchmark