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Define the terms ‘isotonic’, ‘hypotonic’ and ‘hypertonic’.

Question

Define the terms ‘isotonic’, ‘hypotonic’ and ‘hypertonic’.

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Solution

Sure, here are the definitions:

  1. Isotonic: This term is used in biology to refer to a solution that has the same concentration of solutes as another solution. When two solutions are isotonic, there is no net movement of water across the cell membrane, meaning the cell will neither shrink nor swell.

  2. Hypotonic: A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution. In the context of cells, if a cell is in a hypotonic solution, there will be a net movement of water into the cell, causing it to swell and possibly burst.

  3. Hypertonic: A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution. If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, there will be a net movement of water out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

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