Given below are two statements.Statement I: Electric potential is constant within and at the surface of each conductor.Statement II: Electric field just outside a charged conductor is perpendicular to the surface of the conductor at every point.In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Question
Given below are two statements.Statement I: Electric potential is constant within and at the surface of each conductor.Statement II: Electric field just outside a charged conductor is perpendicular to the surface of the conductor at every point.In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Solution
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
Statement I is correct because the electric potential is indeed constant within and at the surface of each conductor. This is due to the fact that the electric field within a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium is zero. Therefore, the electric potential is the same at all points within and on the surface of the conductor.
Statement II is also correct. The electric field just outside a charged conductor is always perpendicular to the surface of the conductor. This is because the charges on the surface of the conductor rearrange themselves in such a way that the electric field lines are perpendicular to the surface. This ensures that there is no tangential component of the electric field on the surface of the conductor, which would otherwise cause the charges to move.
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