which has highest value of dipole moment a) ch3cl b)ch2cl2 c) ch3cl3 d)ccl4

To determine which compound has the highest value of dipole moment, we need to consider the electronegativity of the atoms involved and the molecular geometry of each compound.

The dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges within a molecule. It is influenced by the difference in electronegativity between the atoms and the molecular shape.

In general, the greater the electronegativity difference between atoms, the higher the dipole moment. Additionally, the more asymmetrical the molecular shape, the higher the dipole moment.

Let's analyze each compound:

a) CH3Cl: This compound consists of a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms and one chlorine atom. Chlorine is more electronegative than carbon and hydrogen, creating a dipole moment. However, the molecular shape is tetrahedral, which is symmetrical. Therefore, the dipole moments of the individual bonds cancel each other out, resulting in a lower overall dipole moment.

b) CH2Cl2: This compound contains a carbon atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and two chlorine atoms. Again, chlorine is more electronegative than carbon and hydrogen, creating dipole moments. The molecular shape is tetrahedral, but it is not symmetrical due to the presence of two chlorine atoms. As a result, the dipole moments do not cancel each other out completely, leading to a higher overall dipole moment compared to CH3Cl.

c) CH3Cl3: This compound consists of a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms and three chlorine atoms. Similar to CH2Cl2, chlorine is more electronegative than carbon and hydrogen, creating dipole moments. The molecular shape is trigonal pyramidal, which is asymmetrical. Therefore, the dipole moments do not cancel each other out, resulting in a higher overall dipole moment compared to CH2Cl2.

d) CCl4: This compound contains a carbon atom bonded to four chlorine atoms. Chlorine is more electronegative than carbon, creating dipole moments. However, the molecular shape is tetrahedral, which is symmetrical. As a result, the dipole moments of the individual bonds cancel each other out completely, leading to a lower overall dipole moment.

Based on the analysis, the compound with the highest value of dipole moment is CH3Cl3 (option c).