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Which of the following most inspired the inclusion in the Declaration of Independence of the right of the people to revolt against a tyrannical government? A. the English Bill of Rights B. Montesquieu's De l'esprit des Lois (Spirit of Laws) C. Locke's Second Treatise D. the Virginia House of Burgesses

Question

Which of the following most inspired the inclusion in the Declaration of Independence of the right of the people to revolt against a tyrannical government? A. the English Bill of Rights B. Montesquieu's De l'esprit des Lois (Spirit of Laws) C. Locke's Second Treatise D. the Virginia House of Burgesses

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Solution

The answer is C. Locke's Second Treatise.

John Locke's Second Treatise of Government greatly influenced the writers of the Declaration of Independence, particularly Thomas Jefferson. In this work, Locke argues that government is a social contract between the rulers and the ruled, and that if the government fails to protect the rights of the people, the people have the right to revolt and establish a new government. This idea is clearly reflected in the Declaration of Independence, which states that when a government becomes destructive of the people's rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it.

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