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Compare and contrast functional features of UART and USART.

Question

Compare and contrast functional features of UART and USART.

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Solution

UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) and USART (Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) are both serial communication protocols used in computers and other digital devices. They have some similarities but also some key differences.

  1. Mode of Communication:

    • UART: It only supports asynchronous communication. This means that the data is sent bit by bit with a start bit and a stop bit to signify the beginning and end of data transmission.
    • USART: It supports both synchronous (clock pulse is shared between the sender and receiver) and asynchronous modes of communication.
  2. Speed of Communication:

    • UART: It is slower compared to USART as it does not involve a clock signal. The speed of UART is determined by the baud rate.
    • USART: It is faster as it can work in synchronous mode which allows for faster data transmission.
  3. Complexity and Cost:

    • UART: It is less complex and cheaper to implement because it requires fewer hardware resources.
    • USART: It is more complex and expensive because it requires more hardware resources for synchronous communication.
  4. Error Detection:

    • UART: It does not have an in-built error detection mechanism.
    • USART: It has an in-built error detection mechanism in synchronous mode.
  5. Use Cases:

    • UART: It is commonly used in applications where speed is not a critical factor, such as GPS receivers and Bluetooth modules.
    • USART: It is used in applications that require high-speed data transmission, such as SPI, I2C protocols.

In conclusion, the choice between UART and USART depends on the requirements of the specific application, such as the speed of data transmission, cost, complexity, and error detection capabilities.

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