War, natural disasters, and climate change are destroying some of the world's most precious cultural sites. Google is trying to help preserve these archaeological wonders by allowing users access to 3D images of these treasures through its site.But the project is raising questions about Google's motivations and about who should own the digital copyrights. Some critics call it a form of "digital colonialism."When it comes to archaeological treasures, the losses have been mounting. ISIS blew up parts of the ancient city of Palmyra in Syria and an earthquake hit Bagan, an ancient city in Myanmar, damaging dozens of temples, in 2016. In the past, all archaeologists and historians had for restoration and research were photos, drawings, remnants, and intuition.But that's changing. Before the earthquake at Bagan, many of the temples on the site were scanned. . . . These scans . . . are on Google's Arts & Culture site. The digital renditions allow viewers to virtually wander the halls of the temple, look up-close at paintings and turn the building over, to look up at its chambers. . . . Google Arts & Culture works with museums and other nonprofits . . . to put high-quality images online.The images of the temples in Bagan are part of a collaboration with CyArk, a nonprofit that creates the 3D scanning of historic sites. . . . Google . . . says [it] doesn't make money off this website, but it fits in with Google's mission to make the world's information available and useful.Critics say the collaboration could be an attempt by a large corporation to wrap itself in the sheen of culture. Ethan Watrall, an archaeologist, professor at Michigan State University, and a member of the Society for American Archaeology, says he's not comfortable with the arrangement between CyArk and Google. . . . Watrall says this project is just a way for Google to promote Google. "They want to make this material accessible so people will browse it and be filled with wonder by it," he says. "But at its core, it's all about advertisements and driving traffic," Watrall says these images belong on the site of a museum or educational institution, where there is a serious scholarship and a very different mission. . . .There's another issue for some archaeologists and art historians. CyArk owns the copyrights of the scans — not the countries where these sites are located. That means the countries need CyArk's permission to use these images for commercial purposes.Erin Thompson, a professor of art crime at John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York City, says it's the latest example of a Western nation appropriating a foreign culture, a centuries-long battle. . . . CyArk says it copyrights the scans so no one can use them in an inappropriate way. The company says it works closely with authorities during the process, even training local people to help. But critics like Thompson are not persuaded. . . . She would prefer the scans to be owned by the countries and people where these sites are located.By “digital colonialism”, critics of the CyArk–Google project are referring to the fact that:Please select your Answer.countries where the scanned sites are located do not own the scanned copyrights.CyArk and Google have not shared the details of digitization with the host countries.the scanning process can damage delicate frescos and statues at the sites.CyArk and Google have been scanning images without copyright permission from host countries.

Read the passage and answer the questions given:War, natural disasters and climate change are destroying some of the world's most precious cultural sites. Google is trying to help preserve these archaeological wonders by allowing users access to 3D images of these treasures through its site.But the project is raising questions about Google's motivations and about who should own the digital copyrights. Some critics call it a form of "digital colonialism."When it comes to archaeological treasures, the losses have been mounting. ISIS blew up parts of the ancient city of Palmyra in Syria and an earthquake hit Bagan, an ancient city in Myanmar, damaging dozens of temples, in 2016. In the past, all archaeologists and historians had for restoration and research were photos, drawings, remnants and intuition.But that's changing. Before the earthquake at Bagan, many of the temples on the site were scanned. . . . [These] scans . . . are on Google's Arts & Culture site. The digital renditions allow viewers to virtually wander the halls of the temple, look up-close at paintings and turn the building over, to look up at its chambers. . . . [Google Arts & Culture] works with museums and other nonprofits . . . to put high-quality images online.The images of the temples in Bagan are part of a collaboration with CyArk, a nonprofit that creates the 3D scanning of historic sites. . . . Google . . . says [it] doesn't make money off this website, but it fits in with Google's mission to make the world's information available and useful.Critics say the collaboration could be an attempt by a large corporation to wrap itself in the sheen of culture. Ethan Watrall, an archaeologist, professor at Michigan State University and a member of the Society for American Archaeology, says he's not comfortable with the arrangement between CyArk and Google. . . . Watrall says this project is just a way for Google to promote Google. "They want to make this material accessible so people will browse it and be filled with wonder by it," he says. "But at its core, it's all about advertisements and driving traffic." Watrall says these images belong on the site of a museum or educational institution, where there is serious scholarship and a very different mission. . . .[There's] another issue for some archaeologists and art historians. CyArk owns the copyrights of the scans — not the countries where these sites are located. That means the countries need CyArk's permission to use these images for commercial purposes.Erin Thompson, a professor of art crime at John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York City, says it's the latest example of a Western nation appropriating a foreign culture, a centuries-long battle. . . . CyArk says it copyrights the scans so no one can use them in an inappropriate way. The company says it works closely with authorities during the process, even training local people to help. But critics like Thompson are not persuaded. . . . She would prefer the scans to be owned by the countries and people where these sites are located.QUESTION 15bookmark_borderSelect the correct answerBased on his views mentioned in the passage, one could best characterise Dr. Watrall as being:radio_button_uncheckeddismissive of laypeople’s access to specialist images of archaeological and cultural sites.radio_button_uncheckedopposed to the use of digital technology in archaeological and cultural sites in developing countries.radio_button_uncheckeduneasy about the marketing of archaeological images for commercial use by firms such as Google and CyArk.radio_button_uncheckedcritical about the links between a non-profit and a commercial tech platform for distributing archaeological images.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.     Due to natural disasters or man-made damages during the war, a great deal of historical sites and artifacts have been damaged. It is difficult to repair these sites, as it may take a lot of time, cost, and there is a lack of the information on how the original work actually looked. Rebuilding cultural heritage sites and artifacts is similar to solving a big jigsaw puzzle without knowing what it should look like - everything starts from the beginning and guesses.     One project has been run by a group of scientists to help with the time-consuming restoration of the heritage sites. The technologies in the project are robotics, 3-D scanning, modern machines and artificial intelligence.     These artifact pieces are scanned by high-tech computers to predict their original architecture. Throughout the process, the computer system is guided by humans to ensure that the pieces are accurately rebuilt. The computer software collects all pieces and connects them together to draw a picture of what the original heritage site looked like.     The second component brings robots into the workplace. The robot should be able to scan those pieces of a heritage site on its own, and connects them together as a complete one. The robot looks like an average person to save a large amount of time and human resources when gathering the information about the heritage sites.(Adapted from https://amt-lab.org/blog)Question 29.Which best serves as the title for the passage?A.Why we restore cultural heritage sitesB.How we promote our world heritage sitesC.How technology helps restore heritage sitesD.Why robots replace human beingsQuestion 30.The word “run” can be best replaced by ________.A.moved quicklyB.set upC.carriedD.chosenQuestion 31.Which of the following statements about high-tech computers is true?A.It works automatically without people's control.B.It is impossible to predict the heritage's original shape.C.It can show us how heritage sites looked like.D.The computer system cannot work properly.Question 32.The word “one” can be best replaced by ________.A.personB.robotC.workplaceD.heritage siteQuestion 33.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the use of robots?A.Robots can connect all pieces of a world heritage site to make a complete one.B.Robots can help us collect the information about heritage sites.C.Robots do not waste our natural resources.D.If we use robots, the time spent on gathering information about heritage sites can be reduced.

ALEXANDRIA, Egypt (Achieve3000, July 23, 2010). In the waters off Alexandria, Egypt, there is treasure. The Mediterranean Sea harbors the submerged ruins of a palace and temple complex from which the ancient Egyptian Queen Cleopatra ruled until 30 BCE. Divers have been exploring these ruins since the 1990s. They're learning more about the end of the Egyptian kingdom by examining objects left behind by its last ruler.The palace differs from other archaeological sites because it is in good condition. People have destroyed many of the other sites; statues and other structures are cut or smashed to pieces. Alexandria's Royal Quarters suffered a different fate. In the fourth and eighth centuries, major earthquakes occurred. The quakes caused the ports, cape, and islands that were full of temples, palaces, and military outposts to slide into the sea. After the second quake, the area was abandoned and its port remained unused. As a result, many of its treasures are not broken. They haven't aged much either, because sediment protects them from the salt water."[The palace is] as it was when it sank," said Ashraf Abdel-Raouf of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities.French underwater archaeologist Franck Goddio and his team found the site in the 1990s. Using advanced electronic equipment, the team conducted surveys of the seabed. This allowed them to deal with the harbor's extremely poor visibility and to excavate the area.In the years since they first mapped the area, Goddio and his team have discovered a wide range of items. The harbor contains everything from coins and everyday objects to colossal granite statues of Egypt's ancient rulers and sunken temples dedicated to Egyptian gods."It's a unique site in the world," said Goddio, who has spent two decades searching for shipwrecks and lost cities below the sea. Goddio's international team members are now carefully excavating the site. They are turning up stunning objects from Egypt's last dynasty.Every time Goddio and his team dive into the murky water and find something new, they go back in time. Each find is part of the story of Cleopatra. Often called a queen, she was Egypt's last pharaoh. (The Roman Empire conquered Egypt in 30 BCE.) On one dive to explore Cleopatra's world, divers found a huge stone head. It is believed to be of Caesarion, the son of Cleopatra. They also found two sphinxes, one of them probably representing Cleopatra's father, Ptolemy XII. On another dive, archaeologists explored the Timonium. This building was commissioned by the Roman General Marc Antony, who had a romance with Cleopatra. Antony used the Timonium as a retreat after his rival Octavian defeated him. (Octavian later became the Roman Emperor Augustus.)The finds from Cleopatra's palace are on display at The Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, in an exhibition titled "Cleopatra: The Search for the Last Queen of Egypt." They will remain there until January 2, 2011. The exhibition will then tour several other North American cities.The Associated Press contributed to this story.current page is 112TO-DONOTESVOCABULARYQUESTION 1QUESTION 1 OF 8 1 / 8The best alternate headline for this article would be __________.A.Ruins From Cleopatra's Palace on Display in PhiladelphiaB.Major Earthquakes Submerge Alexandria's Royal QuartersC.Divers Discover Coins, Colossal Granite StatuesD.Divers Explore Sunken Ruins of Cleopatra's Palace

ALEXANDRIA, Egypt (Achieve3000, July 23, 2010). In the waters off Alexandria, Egypt, there is treasure. The Mediterranean Sea harbors the submerged ruins of a palace and temple complex from which the ancient Egyptian Queen Cleopatra ruled until 30 BCE. Divers have been exploring these ruins since the 1990s. They're learning more about the end of the Egyptian kingdom by examining objects left behind by its last ruler.The palace differs from other archaeological sites because it is in good condition. People have destroyed many of the other sites; statues and other structures are cut or smashed to pieces. Alexandria's Royal Quarters suffered a different fate. In the fourth and eighth centuries, major earthquakes occurred. The quakes caused the ports, cape, and islands that were full of temples, palaces, and military outposts to slide into the sea. After the second quake, the area was abandoned and its port remained unused. As a result, many of its treasures are not broken. They haven't aged much either, because sediment protects them from the salt water."[The palace is] as it was when it sank," said Ashraf Abdel-Raouf of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities.French underwater archaeologist Franck Goddio and his team found the site in the 1990s. Using advanced electronic equipment, the team conducted surveys of the seabed. This allowed them to deal with the harbor's extremely poor visibility and to excavate the area.In the years since they first mapped the area, Goddio and his team have discovered a wide range of items. The harbor contains everything from coins and everyday objects to colossal granite statues of Egypt's ancient rulers and sunken temples dedicated to Egyptian gods."It's a unique site in the world," said Goddio, who has spent two decades searching for shipwrecks and lost cities below the sea. Goddio's international team members are now carefully excavating the site. They are turning up stunning objects from Egypt's last dynasty.Every time Goddio and his team dive into the murky water and find something new, they go back in time. Each find is part of the story of Cleopatra. Often called a queen, she was Egypt's last pharaoh. (The Roman Empire conquered Egypt in 30 BCE.) On one dive to explore Cleopatra's world, divers found a huge stone head. It is believed to be of Caesarion, the son of Cleopatra. They also found two sphinxes, one of them probably representing Cleopatra's father, Ptolemy XII. On another dive, archaeologists explored the Timonium. This building was commissioned by the Roman General Marc Antony, who had a romance with Cleopatra. Antony used the Timonium as a retreat after his rival Octavian defeated him. (Octavian later became the Roman Emperor Augustus.)The finds from Cleopatra's palace are on display at The Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, in an exhibition titled "Cleopatra: The Search for the Last Queen of Egypt." They will remain there until January 2, 2011. The exhibition will then tour several other North American cities.The Associated Press contributed to this story.current page is 112TO-DONOTESVOCABULARYQUESTION 7QUESTION 7 OF 8 7 / 8Which of these happened after Franck Goddio and his team first mapped the archaeological site near Alexandria?HINTA.A major earthquake caused some buildings to slide into the sea.B.The team started using electronic equipment to conduct surveys of the seabed.C.The area surrounding what had been Cleopatra's palace was abandoned.D.The divers discovered everything from coins to huge granite statues.SUBMITExtras© 2024 Achieve3000 Inc. and its licensors.All Rights Reserved.

ALEXANDRIA, Egypt (Achieve3000, July 23, 2010). In the waters off Alexandria, Egypt, there is treasure. The Mediterranean Sea harbors the submerged ruins of a palace and temple complex from which the ancient Egyptian Queen Cleopatra ruled until 30 BCE. Divers have been exploring these ruins since the 1990s. They're learning more about the end of the Egyptian kingdom by examining objects left behind by its last ruler.The palace differs from other archaeological sites because it is in good condition. People have destroyed many of the other sites; statues and other structures are cut or smashed to pieces. Alexandria's Royal Quarters suffered a different fate. In the fourth and eighth centuries, major earthquakes occurred. The quakes caused the ports, cape, and islands that were full of temples, palaces, and military outposts to slide into the sea. After the second quake, the area was abandoned and its port remained unused. As a result, many of its treasures are not broken. They haven't aged much either, because sediment protects them from the salt water."[The palace is] as it was when it sank," said Ashraf Abdel-Raouf of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities.French underwater archaeologist Franck Goddio and his team found the site in the 1990s. Using advanced electronic equipment, the team conducted surveys of the seabed. This allowed them to deal with the harbor's extremely poor visibility and to excavate the area.In the years since they first mapped the area, Goddio and his team have discovered a wide range of items. The harbor contains everything from coins and everyday objects to colossal granite statues of Egypt's ancient rulers and sunken temples dedicated to Egyptian gods."It's a unique site in the world," said Goddio, who has spent two decades searching for shipwrecks and lost cities below the sea. Goddio's international team members are now carefully excavating the site. They are turning up stunning objects from Egypt's last dynasty.Every time Goddio and his team dive into the murky water and find something new, they go back in time. Each find is part of the story of Cleopatra. Often called a queen, she was Egypt's last pharaoh. (The Roman Empire conquered Egypt in 30 BCE.) On one dive to explore Cleopatra's world, divers found a huge stone head. It is believed to be of Caesarion, the son of Cleopatra. They also found two sphinxes, one of them probably representing Cleopatra's father, Ptolemy XII. On another dive, archaeologists explored the Timonium. This building was commissioned by the Roman General Marc Antony, who had a romance with Cleopatra. Antony used the Timonium as a retreat after his rival Octavian defeated him. (Octavian later became the Roman Emperor Augustus.)The finds from Cleopatra's palace are on display at The Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, in an exhibition titled "Cleopatra: The Search for the Last Queen of Egypt." They will remain there until January 2, 2011. The exhibition will then tour several other North American cities.The Associated Press contributed to this story.current page is 112TO-DONOTESVOCABULARYWrite a summary of the texts you read. Use facts and details from the texts to support your answer.