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A 38-year-old woman comes to the office because of nonpainful, nonpruritic skin lesions over her elbows for the past several months. The lesions began as small papules but have gradually enlarged. Treatment with over-the-counter emollients has been ineffective. She has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. She drinks one glass of wine 1 to 2 nights weekly; she does not smoke cigarettes or use illicit drugs. Her temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F). Examination of the elbows shows well-defined erythematous plaques with areas of scaling. Scraping of the scales results in pinpoint bleeding. The remainder of the physical examination shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?A. Gluten-free dietB. Oral methotrexate therapyC. Oral prednisone therapyD. Patch testingE. Topical betamethasone therapy

Question

A 38-year-old woman comes to the office because of nonpainful, nonpruritic skin lesions over her elbows for the past several months. The lesions began as small papules but have gradually enlarged. Treatment with over-the-counter emollients has been ineffective. She has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. She drinks one glass of wine 1 to 2 nights weekly; she does not smoke cigarettes or use illicit drugs. Her temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F). Examination of the elbows shows well-defined erythematous plaques with areas of scaling. Scraping of the scales results in pinpoint bleeding. The remainder of the physical examination shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?A. Gluten-free dietB. Oral methotrexate therapyC. Oral prednisone therapyD. Patch testingE. Topical betamethasone therapy

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Solution

The patient's symptoms and physical examination findings are consistent with psoriasis, a chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythematous plaques with overlying silvery scales. The most common sites of involvement are the elbows, knees, scalp, and intergluteal cleft. The Auspitz sign, or pinpoint bleeding upon removal of scales, is a classic finding in psoriasis.

The first-line treatment for mild to moderate psoriasis is topical therapy. High-potency corticosteroids, such as betamethasone, are the most effective monotherapy. Therefore, the most appropriate next step in management is topical betamethasone therapy (Choice E).

A gluten-free diet (Choice A) may be beneficial in patients with celiac disease, some of whom may have concomitant psoriasis. However, there is no evidence that a gluten-free diet is beneficial in the management of psoriasis in the absence of celiac disease.

Oral methotrexate therapy (Choice B) and oral prednisone therapy (Choice C) are systemic treatments used for moderate to severe psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. These treatments are not typically used as first-line therapy due to their potential for serious side effects.

Patch testing (Choice D) is used to identify allergens in patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis, which this patient's presentation does not suggest.

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