Calculate the molar concentration, in mol dm-3, of the 0.500 g dm–3 citric acid, C6H8O7 solution.

To calculate the molar concentration, we first need to know the molar mass of citric acid (C6H8O7).

1. Calculate the molar mass of citric acid:

   • Carbon (C) has an atomic mass of 12.01 g/mol. Since there are 6 carbon atoms, the total mass contributed by carbon is 12.01 g/mol x 6 = 72.06 g/mol.
   • Hydrogen (H) has an atomic mass of 1.01 g/mol. Since there are 8 hydrogen atoms, the total mass contributed by hydrogen is 1.01 g/mol x 8 = 8.08 g/mol.
   • Oxygen (O) has an atomic mass of 16.00 g/mol. Since there are 7 oxygen atoms, the total mass contributed by oxygen is 16.00 g/mol x 7 = 112.00 g/mol.
   • Add these together to find the molar mass of citric acid: 72.06 g/mol + 8.08 g/mol + 112.00 g/mol = 192.14 g/mol.

2. Convert the mass of the citric acid solution from grams to moles:

   • We know that the solution is 0.500 g/dm^3. To convert this to moles, we divide by the molar mass of citric acid.
   • Moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol) = 0.500 g / 192.14 g/mol = 0.00260 mol.

3. Since the volume of the solution is 1 dm^3 (which is equivalent to 1 liter), the molar concentration of the solution is 0.00260 mol/dm^3.

So, the molar concentration of the citric acid solution is 0.00260 mol/dm^3.