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A vector has a magnitude of 2m, but is pointing in an unknown direction. What is the maximum possible magnitude of its horizontal component?

Question

A vector has a magnitude of 2m, but is pointing in an unknown direction. What is the maximum possible magnitude of its horizontal component?

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Solution

The maximum possible magnitude of the horizontal component of a vector occurs when the vector is pointing entirely in the horizontal direction. In this case, the magnitude of the horizontal component is equal to the magnitude of the vector itself. Therefore, the maximum possible magnitude of the horizontal component of this vector is 2m.

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Can the component of a vector ever be greater than the magnitude of the vector?Suppose you are working a physics problem that requires resolving a vectorinto its components. In many applications it is convenient to express the compo-nents in a coordinate system having axes that are not horizontal and vertical but arestill perpendicular to each other. If you choose reference axes or an angle otherthan the axes and angle shown in Figure 3.13, the components must be modifiedaccordingly. Suppose a vector B makes an angle with the x axis defined in Fig-ure 3.15. The components of B along the x and y axes are B x  B cos andBy  B sin, as specified by Equations 3.8 and 3.9. The magnitude and directionof B are obtained from expressions equivalent to Equations 3.10 and 3.11. Thus,we can express the components of a vector in any coordinate system that is conve-nient for a particular situation

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