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How many even numbers less than 500 can be formed using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5? Each digit may be used only once in any number.

Question

How many even numbers less than 500 can be formed using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5? Each digit may be used only once in any number.

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Solution

To solve this problem, we need to consider the different cases for the number of digits in the number.

  1. One-digit numbers: The only even number we can form with one digit is 2. So, there is 1 such number.

  2. Two-digit numbers: The units place must be an even number. So, there are 2 choices (2 and 4) for the units place. The tens place can be any of the remaining 4 digits. So, there are 4 choices for the tens place. Therefore, there are 2*4 = 8 such numbers.

  3. Three-digit numbers: Again, the units place must be an even number, so there are 2 choices. The tens place can be any of the remaining 4 digits, so there are 4 choices. The hundreds place can be any of the remaining 3 digits, so there are 3 choices. Therefore, there are 243 = 24 such numbers.

  4. Four-digit numbers: The units place must be an even number, so there are 2 choices. The tens place can be any of the remaining 4 digits, so there are 4 choices. The hundreds place can be any of the remaining 3 digits, so there are 3 choices. The thousands place can be any of the remaining 2 digits, so there are 2 choices. Therefore, there are 243*2 = 48 such numbers.

  5. Five-digit numbers: The units place must be an even number, so there are 2 choices. The tens place can be any of the remaining 4 digits, so there are 4 choices. The hundreds place can be any of the remaining 3 digits, so there are 3 choices. The thousands place can be any of the remaining 2 digits, so there are 2 choices. The ten-thousands place is the remaining digit, so there is 1 choice. Therefore, there are 24321 = 48 such numbers.

Adding up all these cases, there are 1 + 8 + 24 + 48

This problem has been solved

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