In staphylococcal skin infection there is neutrophilic infiltrate causing tissue damage. Thetissue damage is most likely caused due to:Select one:a. Activation of caspasesb. Generation of superoxide c. Release of cytochrome cd. Release of cytosolic calcium
Question
In staphylococcal skin infection there is neutrophilic infiltrate causing tissue damage. Thetissue damage is most likely caused due to:Select one:a. Activation of caspasesb. Generation of superoxide c. Release of cytochrome cd. Release of cytosolic calcium
Solution
The tissue damage in staphylococcal skin infection is most likely caused by the generation of superoxide (option b).
Here's a step-by-step explanation:
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Staphylococcus bacteria, when they infect the skin, trigger an immune response. This involves the recruitment of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, to the site of infection.
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Neutrophils fight against the bacteria by a process called phagocytosis, where they engulf and destroy the bacteria.
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One of the ways neutrophils destroy bacteria is by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide. This is produced by an enzyme called NADPH oxidase.
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While the generation of superoxide is crucial for killing bacteria, it can also cause collateral damage to the surrounding tissues. This is because ROS are highly reactive and can cause damage to cellular components, including lipids, proteins, and DNA.
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Therefore, the tissue damage in staphylococcal skin infection is most likely due to the generation of superoxide by neutrophils.
The other options (a, c, and d) are less likely because they are not directly involved in the neutrophil's response to bacterial infection. Caspases are involved in apoptosis (cell death), cytochrome c is involved in the electron transport chain in mitochondria, and cytosolic calcium is involved in various cellular processes, but none of these are directly responsible for the tissue damage caused by neutrophils in response to staphylococcal skin infection.
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The damage to cells and tissues that leads to disease1 pointIs always directly due to replication of a pathogenCan never occur without infectionCan be due to excessive inflammationIs always a result of toxic by-products of pathogens
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