Scores on a recent Statistics test are normally distributed with a standard deviation of 6.5 points. If the professor wants to estimate the population mean test score within 1 point with 90% confidence, what sample size is needed
Question
Scores on a recent Statistics test are normally distributed with a standard deviation of 6.5 points. If the professor wants to estimate the population mean test score within 1 point with 90% confidence, what sample size is needed
Solution
To find the sample size needed, we can use the formula for the sample size in estimating a population mean:
n = (Z^2 * σ^2) / E^2
where:
- n is the sample size
- Z is the Z-score corresponding to the desired confidence level
- σ is the standard deviation of the population
- E is the desired margin of error
Given in the problem, we have:
- σ = 6.5 (standard deviation)
- E = 1 (desired margin of error)
We need to find the Z-score corresponding to a 90% confidence level. The Z-score for a 90% confidence level is 1.645 (you can find this value in a standard Z-score table or use a calculator that provides this value).
Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
n = (1.645^2 * 6.5^2) / 1^2 n = (2.706025 * 42.25) / 1 n = 114.304
Since we can't have a fraction of a person, we always round up to ensure that our sample size is large enough to achieve the desired precision. Therefore, the professor needs a sample size of 115 students to estimate the population mean test score within 1 point with 90% confidence.
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