RISC architectures are known for:*Complex instruction setsEmphasizing hardware simplicity and smaller instruction setsSupporting a wide variety of instructionsMultithreading capabilities

The hardware-software interface, embodied in the instruction set architecture (ISA), isarguably the most important interface in a computer system. Yet, in contrast to nearly allother interfaces in a modern computer system, all commercially popular ISAs are proprietary.A free and open ISA standard has the potential to increase innovation in microprocessordesign, reduce computer system cost, and, as Moore’s law wanes, ease the transition to morespecialized computational devices.In this dissertation, I present the RISC-V instruction set architecture. RISC-V is a freeand open ISA that, with three decades of hindsight, builds and improves upon the originalReduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architectures. It is structured as a small base ISAwith a variety of optional extensions. The base ISA is very simple, making RISC-V suitablefor research and education, but complete enough to be a suitable ISA for inexpensive, low-power embedded devices. The optional extensions form a more powerful ISA for general-purpose and high-performance computing. I also present and evaluate a new RISC-V ISAextension for reduced code size, which makes RISC-V more compact than all popular 64-bitISAs.

Which of the following is a characteristic of Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) architecture in microcontrollers?Large number of complex instructionsComplex memory addressing modesEmphasis on simplicity and efficiencyVariable instruction lengths

What is the main advantage of RISC architecture?Group of answer choicesSimplified control unit and faster executionSmaller program sizeGreater variety of instructionsMore complex addressing modes

How does RISC architecture differ from CISC architecture?*RISC uses complex instruction sets while CISC uses simpler onesCISC emphasizes hardware simplicity and smaller instruction setsRISC focuses on a reduced number of instructions with higher efficiencyCISC is more power-efficient than RISC

Which one of the following statements describes a property of RISC computer architecture?a.A small set of instructions do a minimum number of simple operations.b.RISC is easier than other designs because there is a single instruction for both simple and complex tasks.c.Micro-memory holds the set of operations for each complex instruction in the instruction set.d.The circuitry of the CPU in a RISC design is very complicated.