Beer-Lambert’s law gives a relation between

The Beer-Lambert law, also known as Beer's law, the Lambert-Beer law, or the Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law, relates the attenuation of light to the properties of the material through which the light is traveling.

Here are the steps to understand it:

1. The law states that the absorbance of a solution is directly proportional to its concentration. In other words, a more concentrated solution absorbs more light than a less concentrated one.

2. The mathematical equation for Beer-Lambert law is: A = εlc Where: A is the measure of absorbance (no units), ε is the molar absorptivity with units of L mol-1 cm-1, l is the path length the light travels through the solution measured in cm, c is the concentration of the solution measured in mol L-1.

3. The law is used in chemistry to measure the concentration of chemical solutions, to analyze oxidation, and to measure the degradation of polymer.

4. It's important to note that the Beer-Lambert law can only be applied when the system under consideration fulfills certain conditions such as the solution must be homogeneous and the solute and solvent molecules must not interact with each other.

5. The law also assumes that the absorbing species is uniformly distributed throughout the sample and that the light intensity is monochromatic.

6. The Beer-Lambert law is not valid at high concentrations (above approximately 1M) because it fails to account for the interactions between the molecules of the absorbing species.