A 6000 kg lorry is reversing into a parking space at a speed of 0.5 m/s but collides with a car. The crumple zone of the car stops the lorry in 1.5 seconds. What was the change in momentum?
Question
A 6000 kg lorry is reversing into a parking space at a speed of 0.5 m/s but collides with a car. The crumple zone of the car stops the lorry in 1.5 seconds. What was the change in momentum?
Solution
The momentum of an object is given by the product of its mass and its velocity. This is expressed in the formula:
p = m * v
where: p is the momentum, m is the mass of the object, and v is its velocity.
In this case, the lorry has a mass (m) of 6000 kg and an initial velocity (v) of 0.5 m/s. Therefore, its initial momentum (p_initial) is:
p_initial = m * v
= 6000 kg * 0.5 m/s
= 3000 kg*m/s
The lorry comes to a stop due to the collision, so its final velocity is 0 m/s. Therefore, its final momentum (p_final) is:
p_final = m * v
= 6000 kg * 0 m/s
= 0 kg*m/s
The change in momentum (Δp) is given by the difference between the final momentum and the initial momentum:
Δp = p_final - p_initial
= 0 kg*m/s - 3000 kg*m/s
= -3000 kg*m/s
So, the change in momentum of the lorry is -3000 kg*m/s. The negative sign indicates that the momentum has decreased.
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