Which of the following is NOT true about anxiety disorders?Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is involves UNREALISTIC worry about several life situations that lasts for 6 months or longer.Often anxiety and depression are mixed together.Anxiety disorders are treated with stimulant drugs.Toxic effects of stimulant drugs and withdrawal from opioids, sedatives, and alcohol (downers) also cause symptoms similar to those described in anxiety disorders.

According to DSM-5-TR, which symptom is NOT associated with the diagnosis of Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

Generalised anxiety disorder can be assessed using the GAD-7.(a) Outline how answers are scored on the GAD-7 scale. [2](b) Suggest how the validity of the GAD-7 could be tested. [2](c) Explain one strength and one weakness of the GAD-7 scale. [4

Question 33Which of the following sets of symptoms is most consistent with a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder?  A 39-year-old man who reports:A.difficulty sleeping, fatigue, low appetite, and loss of interest in activities he previously enjoyed.B.repeated surges of overwhelming anxiety with racing heart, difficulty breathing, sweating, and a fear that he is losing his mind.C.an exaggerated startle response, nightmares, avoidance of certain situations, and negative thoughts and moods.D.difficulty sleeping, muscle tension, fatigue, and worry about his health, finances, and family.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) both involve an exaggerated response to everyday stressors and a heightened state of anxiety or arousal that can impede concentration and daily functioning.  Both can be effectively treated with medication, including anxiolytics and antidepressants, and with therapy, the most effective of which is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).  Psychologists believe that the unpredictable nature of stressors plays a key role in the development and persistence of both disorders.  However, the response to predictable threats is believed to be normal.A study was conducted to investigate how individuals diagnosed with PTSD or GAD respond to predictable and unpredictable threats.  Twenty patients with PTSD, 20 patients with GAD, and 50 control participants took part in the study.  The groups did not differ significantly with respect to age or gender.  The study involved two conditions, each three minutes in duration.  During the first (predictable) condition, participants were shown a cue (red box) at random times while gazing through a viewing apparatus.  The cue signaled the imminent presentation of various loud noises such as thunder or screaming, meant to induce fear.  During the second (unpredictable) condition, the loud noise was presented randomly with no warning.The magnitude of the participants' startle response was measured by an eye blink reflex recorded with electrodes placed under the eyes (measured in microvolts [Table 1]).Table 1  Mean Startle Response in Microvolts by Group and ConditionPredictable UnpredictableControl 14 19PTSD 15 43GAD 18 37After the study, participants were asked to rate their subjective fear on a scale of 0 (no fear) to 10 (most fear).  The controls reported the least fear under both conditions.  PTSD participants expressed greater fear than GAD participants during the unpredictable condition, but GAD participants reported greater fear than PTSD participants during the predictable condition.C. Grillon, D. S. Pine, S. Lissek, S. Rabin, and M. Vythilingam ©2009 by Society of Biological Psychiatry. Question 16What is the main difference between GAD and PTSD?A.People with PTSD tend to hallucinate, whereas people with GAD do not.B.PTSD requires a long and consistent history of adjustment problems; GAD does not.C.PTSD requires a precipitating event to bring about the disorder; GAD does not.D.People with PTSD worry about a wide range of events; people with GAD worry about specific events.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GAD AND SOCIAL PHOBIA