The proofreading activity, to maintain the fidelity of DNA synthesis,Group of answer choicesoccurs after the DNA replication process has been completedis a function of the 3'→5' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerasesis a function of the 5'→3' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase IIIoccurs only when the DNA polymerase on the lagging strand encounters the previously synthesised fragment
Question
The proofreading activity, to maintain the fidelity of DNA synthesis,Group of answer choicesoccurs after the DNA replication process has been completedis a function of the 3'→5' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerasesis a function of the 5'→3' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase IIIoccurs only when the DNA polymerase on the lagging strand encounters the previously synthesised fragment
Solution
The proofreading activity, to maintain the fidelity of DNA synthesis, is a function of the 3'→5' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerases. This activity is crucial in ensuring the accuracy of DNA replication.
Here's how it works:
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During DNA replication, the DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction.
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Occasionally, the polymerase may make a mistake and incorporate a wrong nucleotide.
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When this happens, the DNA polymerase's 3'→5' exonuclease activity comes into play. This activity allows the polymerase to move backwards on the DNA strand and remove the incorrect nucleotide.
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After the incorrect nucleotide has been removed, the polymerase can then add the correct nucleotide and continue with the replication process.
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This proofreading activity is essential for maintaining the accuracy of DNA replication and preventing mutations from occurring.
So, the proofreading activity is not something that occurs after the DNA replication process has been completed, nor is it a function of the 5'→3' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase III. It also does not occur only when the DNA polymerase on the lagging strand encounters the previously synthesised fragment. Instead, it is a continuous process that occurs during DNA replication to ensure the accuracy of the newly synthesized DNA strands.
Similar Questions
Which of the following reactions is required for proofreading during DNA replication by DNA polymerase III?Group of answer choices5'→3' exonuclease activity3'→5' endonuclease activity5'→3' endonuclease activity3'→5' exonuclease activity
Which is true of the 5' - 3' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase I?Group of answer choicesIt proofreads the DNA replication process of polymerase IIt can remove RNA primers via hydrolysis of their phosphodiester backbone linkages.It proofreads the DNA replication process of polymerase IIIIt is involved in synthesis of Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.
Which is true of the exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase III?Group of answer choicesIt is used to replace an RNA nucleotide from the primer sequence with a DNA nucleotide.It is involved in phosphodiester bond hydrolysis at the 5’ end of a DNA strand.It moves in the 5’ to 3’ direction on the replicated strandThe product of its enzymatic activity is dAMP, dCMP, dGMP or dTMP.
Proofreading activity to maintain the fidelity of DNA synthesis:Select one:a. Requires the presence of an enzyme separate from the DNA polymeraseb. Occurs in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotesc. Occurs after the synthesis has been completed
Which is true during DNA replication?Group of answer choicesDNA ligase replaces the nucleotides in the RNA primer with DNA on the newly synthesised strands.RNA primers bound to both the leading and lagging strand are degraded by 5' - 3' exonucleases.DNA polymerase III synthesises the leading strand and DNA polymerase I synthesises the lagging strandPrimase is required to make primers on the lagging strand only
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