Mention the similarity between autogamy and geitonogamy. List the advantages anddisadvantages of self-pollination

Similarity between Autogamy and Geitonogamy:

Both autogamy and geitonogamy are types of self-pollination. In both cases, the pollen grains from the anther of a flower are transferred to the stigma of the same flower or another flower on the same plant.

Advantages of Self-Pollination:

1. It ensures the continuation of species under unfavorable conditions.
2. It does not depend on external agents for pollination.
3. It helps in maintaining the purity of the species as there is no mixing of genes.
4. It requires less energy as compared to cross-pollination.

Disadvantages of Self-Pollination:

1. There is no genetic variation as the offspring are genetically identical to the parent. This can lead to a lack of adaptation to changing environments.
2. It can lead to inbreeding depression over time.
3. The chances of transferring harmful traits or mutations are high.
4. It limits the potential for the species to evolve and adapt.