Which of the following is true for an adiabatic processa. The entropy of the system decreases during adiabatic compression.b. An isobaric adiabatic process is necessarily irreversible.c. The value of the ratio is necessarily 5/3 for an ideal gas.d. The adiabat follows the isotherm for a reversible process
Question
Which of the following is true for an adiabatic processa. The entropy of the system decreases during adiabatic compression.b. An isobaric adiabatic process is necessarily irreversible.c. The value of the ratio is necessarily 5/3 for an ideal gas.d. The adiabat follows the isotherm for a reversible process
Solution 1
The correct answer is:
a. The entropy of the system decreases during adiabatic compression.
Explanation:
An adiabatic process is one in which no heat is gained or lost by the system. The first law of thermodynamics, ΔU = Q - W, can be used to define the adiabatic process, where Q = 0.
a. During an adiabatic compression, the entropy of the system decreases. This is because the system is doing work on the surroundings and losing energy, which leads to a decrease in randomness (or entropy) of the system.
b. An isobaric adiabatic process is not necessarily irreversible. It depends on the specific conditions of the process.
c. The value of the
Solution 2
The statement "The entropy of the system decreases during adiabatic compression" is true for an adiabatic process.
Here's why:
a. The entropy of the system decreases during adiabatic compression: This is true. In an adiabatic process, there is no heat exchange with the surroundings. When a gas is compressed adiabatically, its temperature increases but its entropy decreases because the process is reversible.
b. An isobaric adiabatic process is necessarily irreversible: This is false. An isobaric process is one that occurs at constant pressure, not necessarily adiabatic. An adiabatic process can be either reversible or irreversible.
c. The value of the ratio γ is necessarily 5/3 for an ideal gas: This is false. The value of γ (the ratio of specific heats) depends on the type of gas and is not necessarily 5/3. For monatomic ideal gases (like helium or argon), γ is indeed 5/3, but for diatomic gases (like nitrogen or oxygen), γ is about 7/5.
d. The adiabat follows the isotherm for a reversible process: This is false. An adiabat is a curve on a PV diagram that represents an adiabatic process. An isotherm is a curve that represents an isothermal (constant temperature) process. These two types of processes are different and follow different paths on a PV diagram.
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