In a study of five brands of pain relieving tablets P, Q, R, S and T, the brands were tested and ranked against each other as more or less effective per dose. The following results were obtained.I. P was more effective than Q.II. The effectiveness of R was less than that of S.III. T was the least effective brand tested.IV. Q and R were equally effective.V. The effectiveness of S was greater than that of Q.If the above statements are true, which of the following must also be true ?A P and S were equally effective B P was the most effective C S was the most effective D R was less effective than P
Question
In a study of five brands of pain relieving tablets P, Q, R, S and T, the brands were tested and ranked against each other as more or less effective per dose. The following results were obtained.I. P was more effective than Q.II. The effectiveness of R was less than that of S.III. T was the least effective brand tested.IV. Q and R were equally effective.V. The effectiveness of S was greater than that of Q.If the above statements are true, which of the following must also be true ?A P and S were equally effective B P was the most effective C S was the most effective D R was less effective than P
Solution
From the given statements, we can deduce the following:
- P is more effective than Q (from statement I).
- R is less effective than S (from statement II).
- T is the least effective (from statement III).
- Q and R are equally effective (from statement IV).
- S is more effective than Q (from statement V).
From these deductions, we can create a ranking of effectiveness:
P > Q = R < S, T
This means that P is more effective than Q, Q is as effective as R, R is less effective than S, and T is the least effective of all.
Given this ranking, the statement that must also be true is:
D. R was less effective than P.
This is because P is more effective than Q, and Q is equally effective as R, so P must be more effective than R.
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