Pertaining to oedema due to left-sided heart-failure:W. It would be exactly the same as anasarca (generalised oedema).X. It would be caused by increased oncotic pressure.Y. Fluid accumulation would be in the same locations as the oedema seen following right-sided heart failure.Z. It would be characterised by fluid accumulation in the lungs.Question 3Select one:a.Only W, X, and Y are correct.b.Only W and Y are correct.c.Only X and Z are correct.d.Only Z is correcte.All are correct.

Which of these may be seen in an individual with Chronic Kidney Disease?W. Oedema in lungs and periphery due to increased protein (albumin) production.X.  Anaemia due to reduced EPO production.Y.  Uraemia due to reduced excretion of waste and toxins.Z.  Decreased bone mineralisation due to loss of vitamin D production.Question 21Select one:a.if only W, X and Y are correctb.if only W and Y are correctc.if only X and Z are correctd.if only Z is correcte.if all are correct

Pertaining to ischaemic heart disease (IHD), which of the following statements is/are correct?W. Ventricular fibrillation is more life-threatening than atrial fibrillation.X. Hypertension is a risk factor for development of IHD.Y. An imbalance between oxygen supply and demand underpins all IHD.Z. IHD is always caused by blockage within a coronary artery and subsequent ischaemia.Question 39Select one:a.Only W, X, and Y are correct.b.Only W and Y are correct.c.Only X and Z are correct.d.Only Z is correct.e.All are correct.

Which of the following pertain to obstructive lung diseases?W. Patients are unable to completely exhale air, leading to increased dead space within the lungs.X.  They lead to a decreased capacity for gas exchange.Y.   Examples are chronic bronchitis and emphysema.Z.   Examples are asbestosis and silicosis.Question 23Select one:a.if only W, X and Y are correctb.if only W and Y are correctc.if only X and Z are correctd.if only Z is correcte.if all are correct

Complications following an acute myocardial infarction could include which of these?W. Mitral valve incompetence due to papillary muscle dysfunction.X. Arrhythmias, for example, atrial fibrillation.Y. Hypotension due to contractile dysfunction.Z. Cardiac tamponade due to ventricular rupture.Question 3Select one:a.Only W, X, and Y are correct.b.Only W and Y are correct.c.Only X and Z are correct.d.Only Z is correct.e.All are correct.

W. Atrial fibrillation.X.  Atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries.Y.  A metastatic tumour entering the circle of Willis.Z.  Hypertension and smoking.Question 12Select one:a.if only W, X and Y are correctb.if only W and Y are correctc.if only X and Z are correctd.if only Z is correcte.if all are correct