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Which of the following is not a source of monopoly?Group of answer choicesEconomies of scale over the relevant range of output.Patents.Government licences or franchises.Network economies.A horizontal long run average cost curve over the relevant range of output.

Question

Which of the following is not a source of monopoly?Group of answer choicesEconomies of scale over the relevant range of output.Patents.Government licences or franchises.Network economies.A horizontal long run average cost curve over the relevant range of output.

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Solution

A horizontal long run average cost curve over the relevant range of output is not a source of monopoly.

Here's why:

  1. Economies of scale over the relevant range of output: This can lead to a monopoly because if one firm can produce at a lower cost due to economies of scale, it can undercut competitors and gain a monopoly.

  2. Patents: These give a firm exclusive rights to produce a product for a certain period of time, preventing competition and creating a monopoly.

  3. Government licenses or franchises: These can create a monopoly by giving one firm exclusive rights to operate in a certain area or market.

  4. Network economies: These occur when the value of a product or service increases as more people use it. This can lead to a monopoly as one firm becomes the preferred choice of consumers.

  5. A horizontal long run average cost curve over the relevant range of output: This does not create a monopoly. It suggests that all firms in the industry have the same costs and therefore, it is likely to be a perfectly competitive market. In a monopoly, the firm would have lower costs than potential competitors due to economies of scale or other factors.

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