Case study: A girl of age 17 years suffers from polydypsea, polyphagia and polyurea. She is not ableto do her work because of weakness and pain in legs. Moreover she was continuously losing weightand body fat.On laboratory investigation, the following results were observedBLOOD EXAMINATION REPORTa. Glucose (random) – 294 mg/dlb. Glucose Fasting, plasma – 323 mg/dlc. HbA1c – 15.0%d. Estimated average Glucose – 395 mg/dlURINE TEST REPORT (Chemical examination)e. Ketones – positivef. Albumin – traceMicroscopic examinationCO5RBC – 10-15/HPFPus cells – 40-45/HPFQuestionsa) Diagnose the disease (2 marks)b) What is the normal value for HbA1c (2 marks)c) What are the complications related to the disease (3 marks)d) What is ketoacidosis (3 marks)e) How will you manage the patient (5 marks)
Question
Case study: A girl of age 17 years suffers from polydypsea, polyphagia and polyurea. She is not ableto do her work because of weakness and pain in legs. Moreover she was continuously losing weightand body fat.On laboratory investigation, the following results were observedBLOOD EXAMINATION REPORTa. Glucose (random) – 294 mg/dlb. Glucose Fasting, plasma – 323 mg/dlc. HbA1c – 15.0%d. Estimated average Glucose – 395 mg/dlURINE TEST REPORT (Chemical examination)e. Ketones – positivef. Albumin – traceMicroscopic examinationCO5RBC – 10-15/HPFPus cells – 40-45/HPFQuestionsa) Diagnose the disease (2 marks)b) What is the normal value for HbA1c (2 marks)c) What are the complications related to the disease (3 marks)d) What is ketoacidosis (3 marks)e) How will you manage the patient (5 marks)
Solution
a) Based on the symptoms and laboratory results, the disease can be diagnosed as diabetes mellitus.
b) The normal value for HbA1c is less than 5.7%.
c) Complications related to diabetes mellitus include diabetic ketoacidosis, cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy.
d) Ketoacidosis is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by high levels of ketones in the blood, leading to acidosis.
e) The management of the patient would involve a multidisciplinary approach. The primary goal would be to control blood glucose levels through lifestyle modifications, such as a healthy diet and regular exercise. Medications like insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may be prescribed. Monitoring blood glucose levels, managing complications, and providing education and support to the patient are also important aspects of the management plan.
Similar Questions
Analyze the following passage and answer the following questionsCase study: A girl of age 17 years suffers from polydypsea, polyphagia and polyurea. She is not ableto do her work because of weakness and pain in legs. Moreover she was continuously losing weightand body fat.On laboratory investigation, the following results were observedBLOOD EXAMINATION REPORTa. Glucose (random) – 294 mg/dlb. Glucose Fasting, plasma – 323 mg/dlc. HbA1c – 15.0%d. Estimated average Glucose – 395 mg/dlURINE TEST REPORT (Chemical examination)e. Ketones – positivef. Albumin – traceMicroscopic examinationCO5RBC – 10-15/HPFPus cells – 40-45/HPF
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