11. An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of electricity on moltenlead(11) bromide (PbBr2).a What happens to a compound during electrolysis?b Why does solid lead(11) bromide not allow the passage of electricity?c What colour is the vapour seen at the positive electrode?d Give one reason why this electrolysis should be carried out in a fume cupboard.e What is the alternative name for the negative electrode?
Question
- An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of electricity on moltenlead(11) bromide (PbBr2).a What happens to a compound during electrolysis?b Why does solid lead(11) bromide not allow the passage of electricity?c What colour is the vapour seen at the positive electrode?d Give one reason why this electrolysis should be carried out in a fume cupboard.e What is the alternative name for the negative electrode?
Solution
a) During electrolysis, a compound is broken down into its constituent elements. This happens when an electric current is passed through the compound. The positive ions move towards the negative electrode (cathode) where they gain electrons (reduction), while the negative ions move towards the positive electrode (anode) where they lose electrons (oxidation).
b) Solid lead(II) bromide does not allow the passage of electricity because it does not have free moving ions. In solid state, the ions are held together in a lattice structure and cannot move freely. When lead(II) bromide is melted, the ions are free to move and can conduct electricity.
c) The color of the vapor seen at the positive electrode (anode) is brown. This is due to the formation of bromine gas.
d) This electrolysis should be carried out in a fume cupboard because toxic gases like bromine are produced during the process. Bromine gas is harmful if inhaled and can cause irritation to the eyes and skin.
e) The alternative name for the negative electrode is the cathode.
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