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A one metre long steel wire of cross-sectional area of 1 mm2 is  extended by 1 mm. If Y = 2 × 1011 N m-2, then the work done is

Question

A one metre long steel wire of cross-sectional area of 1 mm2 is  extended by 1 mm. If Y = 2 × 1011 N m-2, then the work done is

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Solution

Para resolver este problema, utilizaremos la fórmula del trabajo realizado en la extensión de un material elástico, que se puede expresar como:

W=12×F×ΔL W = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{F} \times \Delta L

Donde:

  • W W es el trabajo realizado.
  • F \text{F} es la fuerza aplicada.
  • ΔL \Delta L es la extensión del material.

Primero, necesitamos encontrar la fuerza aplicada utilizando la ley de Hooke, que se expresa como:

F=Y×ΔLL×A \text{F} = Y \times \frac{\Delta L}{L} \times A

Donde:

  • Y Y es el módulo de Young.
  • ΔL \Delta L es la extensión del material.
  • L L es la longitud original del material.
  • A A es el área de la sección transversal.

Dado:

  • Y=2×1011N/m2 Y = 2 \times 10^{11} \, \text{N/m}^2
  • ΔL=1mm=1×103m \Delta L = 1 \, \text{mm} = 1 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{m}
  • L=1m L = 1 \, \text{m}
  • A=1mm2=1×106m2 A = 1 \, \text{mm}^2 = 1 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{m}^2

Sustituyendo estos valores en la fórmula de la fuerza:

F=2×1011N/m2×1×103m1m×1×106m2 \text{F} = 2 \times 10^{11} \, \text{N/m}^2 \times \frac{1 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{m}}{1 \, \text{m}} \times 1 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{m}^2

F=2×1011×1×103×1×106 \text{F} = 2 \times 10^{11} \times 1 \times 10^{-3} \times 1 \times 10^{-6}

F=2×102N \text{F} = 2 \times 10^{2} \, \text{N}

Ahora, utilizamos la fórmula del trabajo realizado:

W=12×F×ΔL W = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{F} \times \Delta L

W=12×2×102N×1×103m W = \frac{1}{2} \times 2 \times 10^{2} \, \text{N} \times 1 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{m}

W=12×2×101J W = \frac{1}{2} \times 2 \times 10^{-1} \, \text{J}

W=101J W = 10^{-1} \, \text{J}

Por lo tanto, el trabajo realizado es 0.1J 0.1 \, \text{J} .

This problem has been solved

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