Consider the following sentence (you don’t need to consider the spaces betweencharacters).“MADAM I AM ADAM”1. Assume that 8-bit extended ASCII encoding is used to represent the above sentence.Find out how many bytes are required to represent the above sentence.2. What is the minimum/optimum number of bits needed to represent the abovesentence?3. Calculate the number of bits that are necessary to represent the above sentence usingHuffman encoding.4. Using Huffman encoding how would you represent the following sequence ofcharacters? “DAMMA”
Question
Consider the following sentence (you don’t need to consider the spaces betweencharacters).“MADAM I AM ADAM”1. Assume that 8-bit extended ASCII encoding is used to represent the above sentence.Find out how many bytes are required to represent the above sentence.2. What is the minimum/optimum number of bits needed to represent the abovesentence?3. Calculate the number of bits that are necessary to represent the above sentence usingHuffman encoding.4. Using Huffman encoding how would you represent the following sequence ofcharacters? “DAMMA”
Solution
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In 8-bit extended ASCII encoding, each character is represented by 8 bits. The sentence "MADAM I AM ADAM" has 15 characters including spaces. Therefore, the number of bytes required to represent the sentence is 15 characters * 8 bits/character = 120 bits or 15 bytes (since 1 byte = 8 bits).
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The sentence "MADAM I AM ADAM" has 5 unique characters (M, A, D, I, and space). To represent 5 unique characters, we need at least 3 bits (since 2^3 = 8 > 5). Therefore, the minimum number of bits needed to represent the sentence is 3 bits/character * 15 characters = 45 bits.
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Huffman encoding is a type of variable-length prefix coding that is commonly used for lossless data compression. The specific number of bits required to represent the sentence "MADAM I AM ADAM" using Huffman encoding would depend on the specific Huffman code generated for the set of characters in the sentence. In general, characters that appear more frequently in the data are assigned shorter codes, while characters that appear less frequently are assigned longer codes. Without knowing the specific Huffman code, it's not possible to calculate the exact number of bits required.
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Again, the specific Huffman code for the sequence "DAMMA" would depend on the frequencies of the characters in the sequence. Assuming that each character is assigned a unique Huffman code, the sequence could be represented as a series of these codes. For example, if the Huffman codes are D=00, A=01, M=10, and space=11, the sequence "DAMMA" would be represented as "0001101010".
Similar Questions
Question No. 1: (Marks 10) Suppose a Station A transmits a message containing five characters to Station B using Even Parity encoding to ensure data integrity during transmission. Each character consists of 8 bits encoded in the ASCII. Station B receives the message of five 9-bit data elements and needs to extract the 8-bit data message from each element and decode it using ASCII to form meaningful words. The data elements received by Station B are: Received 9-bit Data Elements: 010101100 010101010 010011001 010011010 010100110 Assuming the data is received correctly without any errors by Station B, you are required to do the following tasks: 1. Extract 8-bit Data Message: Remove the Parity bits to extract the 8-bit data message from each 9-bit received element. 2. Decode and Extract using ASCII: Convert each 8-bit data message into its corresponding ASCII character to extract the meaningful words. Give your answer in the following table: Received Message 010101100 010101010 010011001 010011010 010100110 Data message (Bits)? Decoded Message?
We set the symbol generator from the previous question running, generate 100 symbols and collect the bits generated by the Huffman coder to represent those symbols. What is the smallest number of bits that could result? (Type a number only - no units.)
How the number of characters stored is limited by the bitsavailable
How many characters or symbols can be represented by 8-bit code
A text is made up of the characters a, b, c, d, e each occurring with the probability 0.11, 0.40, 0.16, 0.09 and 0.24, respectively. The optimal Huffman coding technique will have the average length of:a.2.15b.2.26c.2.40d.2.16
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