Will a trained athlete have a higher or lower resting heart rate than an untrained athlete? Justify your response

A trained athlete will typically have a lower resting heart rate than an untrained athlete. This is because regular exercise strengthens the heart, a muscle, and allows it to pump a greater amount of blood with each beat. As a result, the heart doesn't need to beat as often to meet the body's oxygen needs. This is reflected in a lower resting heart rate.

In contrast, an untrained athlete's heart may need to work harder and beat more frequently to pump enough blood around the body, resulting in a higher resting heart rate.

However, it's important to note that many factors can influence heart rate, including age, stress, and genetics. So while training status can have a significant impact, it's not the only determinant of resting heart rate.