Section I: Fill in the blanksInstructions: Please write allthe answers in the separate answer scripts provided. Indicatethe question number next to each response clearly. Roll numbers must be written on theanswer script.2. Ethnic designations assigned from outside the group are calledTest I (29 September 2023)1. When the form ofaword imitates/ resembles the sound that it refers to, it is called67are established from within the group are called4. Some researchers have suggested3. The property in human language that has been found to be partially applicable to honeybees is calledin language production.dialect.5. The property of human language to create infinite utterances from a finite set of sounds iscalledis how you pronounce words, your pronunciation style;includes pronunciation but also vocabulary and grammar.8. Usages like manpower, manmade are examples of

How do honey bees communicate with each other regarding the location of food? (a) By dancing (b) By making sounds (c) By singing (d) None of these

Mention the types of honey bee you will prefer to rear if you are running an apiary.

Which one of the following species of the honeybee is an Italian species?Apis dorsataApis floraeApis cerana indicaApis mellifera

The mouth parts of honey bees are of _______ type.SuckingChewingBitingPiercing

Humans are continually creating new expressions and novel utterances by manipulat-ing their linguistic resources to describe new objects and situations. This property isdescribed as productivity (or “creativity” or “open-endedness”) and essentially meansthat the potential number of utterances in any human language is infinite.The communication systems of other creatures are not like that. Cicadas have foursignals to choose from and vervet monkeys have thirty-six vocal calls. Nor does it seempossible for creatures to produce new signals to communicate novel experiences orevents. The honeybee, normally able to communicate the location of a nectar source toother bees, will fail to do so if the location is really “new.” In one experiment, a hive ofbees was placed at the foot of a radio tower and a food source placed at the top. Tenbees were taken to the top, given a taste of the delicious food, and sent off to tell the restof the hive about their find. The message was conveyed via a bee dance and the wholegang buzzed off to get the free food. They flew around in all directions, but couldn’tlocate the food. (It’s probably one way to make bees really mad.) The problem seems tobe that bee communication has a fixed set of signals for communicating location andthey all relate to horizontal distance. The bee cannot manipulate its communicationsystem to create a “new” message indicating vertical distance. According to Karl vonFigure 2.1Animals and human language 13Frisch, who conducted the experiment, “the bees have no word for up in theirlanguage” and they can’t invent one.This limiting feature of animal communication is described in terms of fixedreference. Each signal in the system is fixed as relating to a particular object oroccasion. Among the vervet monkey’s repertoire, there is one danger signalCHUTTER, which is used when a snake is around, and another RRAUP, used whenan eagle is spotted nearby. These signals are fixed in terms of their reference andcannot be manipulated. What might count as evidence of productivity in the mon-key’s communication system would be an utterance of something like CHUTT-RRAUPwhen a flying creature that looked like a snake came by. Despite a lot of researchinvolving snakes suddenly appearing in the air above them (among other unusualand terrifying experiences), the vervet monkeys didn’t produce a new danger signal.The human, given similar circumstances, is quite capable of creating a “new” signal,after initial surprise perhaps, by saying something never said before, as in Hey! Watchout for that flying snake!