1 ptsAstronaut on the International Space Station (ISS) follow strict training and exercise regimes. Despite these training regimes, there is still noticeable change in the heart with a reduction in Heart Mass, including left ventricular mass, and enlarged left atrium. Which of the following are plausible contributing factors, and/or explanation for the observed changes in cardiac morphology?(select all that are correct, even if it is only one answer)Each correct answer will score partial points, each incorrect answer will score an equivalent deductionGroup of answer choicesThe lack of gravity directly affects cardiac myocytes resulting in atrophyThe lack of exercise results in less cardiac work loadThe observed reduction in systemic vascular resistance = lower afterloadThe lack of gravitational effect results in a lower afterload on the heart

Astronaut on the International Space Station (ISS) follow strict training and exercise regimes. Despite these training regimes, there is still noticeable change in the heart with a reduction in Heart Mass, including left ventricular mass, and enlarged left atrium. Which of the following are plausible contributing factors, and/or explanation for the observed changes in cardiac morphology?(select all that are correct, even if it is only one answer)Each correct answer will score partial points, each incorrect answer will score an equivalent deductionGroup of answer choicesThe lack of gravity directly affects cardiac myocytes resulting in atrophyThe lack of exercise results in less cardiac work loadThe observed reduction in systemic vascular resistance = lower afterloadThe lack of gravitational effect results in a lower afterload on the heart

Select the/all correct statements about eccentric ventricular hypertrophy.Group of answer choicesIt may result in severely compromised ventricular filling.It may result in a decreased ability of the heart to respond to adrenergic stimulation.It is the consequence of pressure overload.It is characterised by featuring elongated but thin cardiomyocytes.

Which of these statements  are true and which are false?4 ptsUrine osmolarity can be estimated by measuring the urine specific gravity.In the renal practical class you will use renal test strips to test for the presence or absence of K+Atrial stretch causes the release of ADHHigh blood volume results in reflex tachycardia (Bainbridge reflex)

During exercise, the heart rate ______ due to effects of the sympathetic nervous system.Multiple choice question.decreasesbecomes constantincreases

A 50-year-old woman has had increasing dyspnea for the past 2 days. She was admitted but expiresseveral hours later. Gross finding of the heart shows pallor of the myocardium and 80% occlusionof the left anterior descending artery.Questions:a. What is your diagnosis and explain its pathophysiology?b. Identify the microscopic changesWhat are the different cardiac markers useful for the diagnosis? Explain the significance of eachcardiac maker.