The relationship between the number of valency electrons and the valency for the elements Sodium (Na) to Aluminum (Al) can be explained as follows:

1. Sodium (Na): Sodium is in the first group of the periodic table, so it has one valence electron. This means its valency is +1 because it tends to lose this electron to achieve a stable electron configuration.

2. Magnesium (Mg): Magnesium is in the second group of the periodic table, so it has two valence electrons. Its valency is +2 because it tends to lose these two electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

3. Aluminum (Al): Aluminum is in the third group of the periodic table, so it has three valence electrons. Its valency is +3 because it tends to lose these three electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

In general, the valency of an element is determined by the number of valence electrons it has. Elements in groups 1-3 of the periodic table tend to lose their valence electrons and thus have a positive valency equal to the number of valence electrons. This is because by losing these electrons, they achieve a stable electron configuration similar to that of the nearest noble gas.

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The relationship between the number of valency electrons and the valency for the elements Sodium (Na) to Aluminum (Al) can be explained as follows:

1. Sodium (Na): Sodium is in the first group of the periodic table, so it has one valence electron. This means its valency is +1 because it tends to lose this electron to achieve a stable electron configuration.

2. Magnesium (Mg): Magnesium is in the second group of the periodic table, so it has two valence electrons. Its valency is +2 because it tends to lose these two electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

3. Aluminum (Al): Aluminum is in the third group of the periodic table, so it has three valence electrons. Its valency is +3 because it tends to lose these three electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

In general, the valency of an element is determined by the number of valence electrons it has. Elements in groups 1-3 of the periodic table tend to lose their valence electrons and thus have a positive valency equal to the number of valence electrons. This is because by losing these electrons, they achieve a stable electron configuration similar to that of the nearest noble gas.

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The relationship between the number of valency electrons and the valency for the elements Sodium (Na) to Aluminum (Al) can be explained as follows:

1. Sodium (Na): Sodium is in the first group of the periodic table, so it has one valence electron. This means its valency is +1 because it tends to lose this electron to achieve a stable electron configuration.

2. Magnesium (Mg): Magnesium is in the second group of the periodic table, so it has two valence electrons. Its valency is +2 because it tends to lose these two electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

3. Aluminum (Al): Aluminum is in the third group of the periodic table, so it has three valence electrons. Its valency is +3 because it tends to lose these three electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

In general, the valency of an element is determined by the number of valence electrons it has. Elements in groups 1-3 of the periodic table tend to lose their valence electrons and thus have a positive valency equal to the number of valence electrons. This is because by losing these electrons, they achieve a stable electron configuration similar to that of the nearest noble gas.

(iii) Explain the relationship between the number of valency electrons and the valency:for the elements Na to Al,

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