Why does an RNA primer need to be added to the DNA template for DNA replication?Multiple choice question.RNA polymerase needs to be primed to release each template strand of DNA.DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to an existing strand.DNA polymerase cannot join existing strands of DNA together.Each DNA double helix must be unwound before replication can begin.

In DNA replication, a(n) _______, which is made of RNA, needs to be added to the DNA template in order for DNA polymerase to add new DNA nucleotides.Multiple choice question.ribosomeprimerligasespindle

Which of the following correctly explains why primers are used in PCR? A. DNA replication requires a free 3′ hydroxyl group. B. DNA replication requires a free 5′ phosphate group. C. DNA replication requires a free 5′ hydroxyl group. D. DNA replication requires a free 3′ phosphate group.

DNA polymerization is one of the most conserved mechanisms of genome replication.  Synthesis of a complete DNA strand requires a template, primers, a polymerase enzyme, and sufficient deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs).  The DNA polymerase enzyme binds consecutive base pairs on the template strand and extends the double helix by adding dNTPs to the primer.  The amino acid residues in the active site of DNA polymerase form hydrogen bonds with Watson-Crick donors and acceptors on incoming DNA nucleotides to facilitate base pairing.The formation of the DNA double helix creates opposing changes in entropy and enthalpy.  Favorable bonding interactions via hydrogen bonds during Watson-Crick base pairing results in negative enthalpy, and restricted rotation and flexibility of the DNA backbone generates negative entropy.  Scientists hypothesize that hydrogen bonding between bases not only stabilizes the double helix but is also crucial for selective and efficient replication.Analogs that are similar in size and shape to naturally occurring bases can be used to determine the influence of hydrogen bonding on base pair selectivity.  To mimic the structure of deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP), researchers synthesized dNTP derivatives of difluorotoluene (dFTP).  dFTP is a nonpolar analog of dTTP that lacks Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding.  Klenow fragment polymerase (KF), which has 3′-5′ but not 5′-3′ exonuclease activity, was incubated with a mixture of DNA template, primers, and dNTPs, including dFTP.  The efficiency of dFTP and natural dTTP nucleotide incorporation into a growing primer strand by KF is shown in Figure 1.Figure 1  Template-specific selection of dFTP and dTTP by the KF enzymeAdapted from Moran S, Ren RX, Kool ET. A thymidine triphosphate shape analog lacking Watson-Crick pairing ability is replicated with high sequence selectivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997;94(20):10506-11. Question 44The Klenow fragment used in the experiment would be able to perform which of the following repair processes?A.Correction of mismatched nucleotides in the middle of a completed strandB.Replacement of nucleotides at the 3′ end of the growing strandC.Excision of thymine dimers at the 5′ end of the growing strandD.Removal of damaged bases from the middle of the template strand

Which is true during DNA replication?Group of answer choicesDNA ligase replaces the nucleotides in the RNA primer with DNA on the newly synthesised strands.RNA primers bound to both the leading and lagging strand are degraded by 5' - 3' exonucleases.DNA polymerase III synthesises the leading strand and DNA polymerase I synthesises the lagging strandPrimase is required to make primers on the lagging strand only

Select all that applySelect the steps that must occur before DNA polymerase can synthesize new DNA.Multiple select question.The double-stranded DNA is unwound.Ligase seals the gaps.An RNA primer is added.Okazaki fragments are removed.