Swimming of the lamprey is characterised byGroup of answer choicessynchronous relaxation of muscles of each side.synchronous contraction of one side of the body.propagation of contractions from head to tail.alternation between tail and head contractions.alternation between backward-moving and forward-moving contractions.

Question 61 ptsThe slow after-hyperpolarisations (sAHPs) in some spinal neurons of the lamprey:Group of answer choicescontrol the speed of swimmingcontrol the direction of swimmingcontrol the alternation of contractions between the two sidescontrol the sensory inputscontrol the propagation of excitation along the spinal cord

Question 171 ptsInitiation of swimming in a living lamprey requires:Group of answer choicesactivation of circuits by a painful stimulusactivation of reticulospinal pathwaysactivation of vestibular pathwaysinhibition of visual pathwaysactivation of the corticospinal tracts PreviousNext

Question 181 ptsIf a given neuropeptide decreases the amplitude of the slow after-hyperpolarisation (sAHP) in spinal neurons, its effect on lamprey swimming would be:Group of answer choicesbursts of muscle action potentials would be longer and the lamprey would have a slower speed of swimmingbursts of muscle action potentials would be shorter and the lamprey would have a slower speed of swimmingbursts of muscle action potentials would be longer and the lamprey would have a faster speed of swimmingmuscles on both sides of the lamprey would contract simultaneouslymuscle action potentials would fire at a lower frequency within bursts PreviousNext

Bending the caudal end of the isolated spinal cord affects the locomotor net of the lamprey by:Group of answer choicesactivating the motor neurons directlyactivating contralateral inhibitory and ipsilateral excitatory sensory neuronsactivating ipsilateral inhibitory and contralateral excitatory sensory neuronsinhibiting contralateral excitatory sensory neuronsinhibiting the opposite tilt

Conditional pacemaker neurons in the lamprey are:Group of answer choicesneurons that are synaptically driven by other pacemaker cellsneurons that have spontaneous activity when they receive inhibitory synaptic inputneurons whose membrane potential oscillates in the presence of glutamateneurons whose membrane potential oscillates when they receive sensory inputneurons whose membrane potential oscillates without any input