A psychologist is developing a lecture on cognitive bias, which is the tendency to think in ways that are not rational. Read the piece of information in each row, then select the section where it fits best.SectionsBiases in decision-making and beliefSocial biasesBiases and errors in memoryIn-group bias: The tendency to give better treatment to others in your group.Endowment effect: The tendency to think something is more valuable if you already have or own it.Consistency bias: Recalling your attitudes and behavior in the past as resembling those in the present.Confirmation bias: The tendency to favor information that confirms your preconceptions.

What are the causes of cognitive biases? Exclude incorrect option.Question 3Answera.limits of the mind`s attentionb.social pressurec.emotions and experiencesd.individual cognitive peculiarities

Memory bias is: Attributing successes to internal factors, and failures to external factors Being more critical of negative information than positive information Repressing criticism out of conscious memory Remembering good things and forgetting or explaining away bad things

Which of the following cognitive biases is most analogous to the self-positivity bias?A.Actor-observer biasB.Confirmation biasC.Optimism biasD.Overconfidence bias

Which bias occurs when individuals place too much importance on the first piece of information they receive when making decisions?Choices:- Confirmation bias Anchoring bias Overconfidence bias Framing bias

The following table shows some cognitive biases and some definitions.Row Type of cognitive bias DefinitionA Anchoring heuristic a strategy that people use to make guesses about things they do not know, by thinking about things they do know and then making an adjustmentB Framing heuristic recalling examples of similar events from available memory, when asked about how likely an event is to occurC Availability heuristic human thinking and decision-making is affected by the way in which a problem is stated, or framedWhich of the above rows correctly match the cognitive bias(es) with the correct definition(s)?