A pea plant with purple flowers of unknown genotype is test crossed with a white-flowered pea plant (ff), and half of the offspring have purple flowers and half the offspring have white flowers. What is the genotype of the purple flower?
Question
A pea plant with purple flowers of unknown genotype is test crossed with a white-flowered pea plant (ff), and half of the offspring have purple flowers and half the offspring have white flowers. What is the genotype of the purple flower?
Solution
The genotype of the purple flowered pea plant is heterozygous (Ff). Here's why:
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The white flowered pea plant has a genotype of ff, which means it only carries recessive alleles for flower color.
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When the purple flowered pea plant is crossed with the white flowered plant, half of the offspring have purple flowers and half have white flowers.
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This suggests that the purple flowered pea plant must be carrying one dominant allele (F) for purple flowers and one recessive allele (f) for white flowers.
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If the purple flowered plant had two dominant alleles (FF), all of the offspring would have purple flowers because the dominant allele would always be passed on.
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Therefore, the genotype of the purple flowered pea plant must be heterozygous (Ff).
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