In a WTO dispute, the complainant has claimed 15 different violations (in its request for the establishment of the panel and further in its submissions and oral statements) of the same covered agreement. The panel would like to know whether it has to address all of these claims.Select one:a.The request for the establishment of the panel determines the terms of reference for a panel. The panel’s mandate, therefore, is to address each single claim of violation raised by the complainant.b.The panel is free to choose among the different claims, but it must at least deal with one of the claims, irrespective of whether this results in a finding of a violation or not.c.The panel must stop its examination as soon as it has found one violation of the covered agreement in order to respect the principle of judicial economy.d.The panel only needs to address the claims that are necessary to fully resolve the matter at issue and may exercise judicial economy as regards the other claims.

The panels of the WTO Dispute Settlement Body are not empowered to make any new rules; they may simply apply the existing rules to a given set of facts.Group of answer choicesTrueFalse

A panel has been requested to examine a dispute about an alleged violation of Article 3 of the SCM Agreement. All three panel members believe it is not obvious that the challenged measure violates Article 3, however, the question of the existence or absence of a violation depends on the correct interpretation of Article 3. What should the panel do?Select one:a.The panel is not permitted to interpret Article 3 and must dismiss the complaint, as the exclusive authority to adopt interpretations of the WTO Agreement rests with the Ministerial Conference and the General Council (Article IX:2 of the WTO Agreement).b.The panel may proceed to an interpretation of Article 3, but it must consult the chairperson of the Committee on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures.c.The panel may proceed to an interpretation of Article 3 and, in that process, it must always give decisive weight to the negotiating history of Article 3.d.The panel is entitled and obliged to clarify the meaning of Article 3 by interpreting that provision in accordance with the customary rules of interpretation of public international law.

Who bears the burden of proof in a WTO dispute?Select one:a.The panel bears the burden of proof because it is responsible for establishing the facts and has the authority and means to conduct the fact-finding.b.The complainant bears the burden of proof in every situation. This means that if there is any uncertainty, the complainant loses the case.c.The complainant must assert and prove its claim of a violation or other nullification or impairment, and the respondent bears the burden of proof that the conditions of exceptions are met.d.Who bears the burden of proof depends on a case-by-case analysis and will be decided according to principles of fairness and due process.

Once the WTO Appellate Body has issued a decision in a dispute, the disputing governments must immediately conform to the decision with no further discussions on settlement.Group of answer choicesTrueFalse

The World Trade Organization provides two procedures for the resolution of disputes between countries. One way is to request the WTO Council to appoint a "panel" to adjudicate the dispute; the other way is        Group of answer choicesto refer the dispute to the Free Trade Commission for settlement.a consultation and, if necessary, conciliation procedure—essentially a diplomatic solution.to submit to the International Compensation Board, who will review the matter and publish a report with their recommendations.to turn over the matter to the International Mediation Review Board.Next